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مولانا عاشق حسین سیماب اکبر آبادی

مولانا عاشق حسین سیماب اکبر آبادی
افسوس ہے پچھلے دودن کے ہی آگے پیچھے سے اردو کی بساط شعروادب کے دوپرانے اورنامور مہرے اٹھ گئے۔مولانا عاشق حسین سیماب اکبر آبادی اور مولانا احسان اﷲ خاں تاجورؔ نجیب آبادی آج کل کے عام شاعروں کی طرح شاعر یاادیب ہی نہیں تھے بلکہ صاحب فن استاذ،علم عروض ومعانی وبیان اور لغت و قواعد لسان کے بڑے مبصر اورناقد بھی تھے۔مولانا سیماب۱۸۸۰ء میں آگرہ میں پیداہوئے اورجنوری۱۹۵۱ء میں کراچی میں انتقال کرگئے شاعری اٹھارہ انیس برس کی عمر سے ہی شروع کردی تھی اس طرح گویا مرحوم نے پوری ایک نصف صدی اردو زبان وادب کی خدمت میں بسر کی۔اس مدت میں سینکڑوں چھوٹی بڑی کتابیں اوربے شمار مقالات،نظمیں وغیرہ ان کے قلم سے نکلیں۔ان کے شاگردوں کاحلقہ بھی نہایت وسیع تھا جو خط وکتابت کے ذریعہ ان کی فنی بصیرت ومہارت سے استفادہ کرتارہتاتھا۔ابتدا میں اگرچہ مرزاداغ سے مشورہ سخن کرتے تھے مگر جلد ہی ان کااپنا ایک مخصوص رنگ قائم ہوگیا۔کثرت مطالعہ وفکر عمیق نے ان میں شعروادب سے متعلق ایک مجتہدانہ شان پیداکردی تھی۔وہ کسی کے مقلد نہیں تھے بلکہ ہرچیز اورہرشعری وادبی مسئلہ کے متعلق اپنی ایک جچی تلی سنجیدہ اورمتین رائے رکھتے تھے اورعلیٰ وجہ البصیرت رکھتے تھے۔انھوں نے اپنی زندگی میں بڑے بڑے طوفانی اورانقلابی دوردیکھے جس نے ادب وشعر کی پرانی قدروں کومتزلزل کرکے رکھ دیا اورصورت ومعنی دونوں کے لحاظ سے شاعری کی دنیا میں ہنگامہ برپاکردیا، لیکن مرحوم ایک چٹان بنے اپنے مقام پرکھڑے رہے یہاں تک کہ انقلاب فکروسخن کی موجیں ان سے ٹکرائیں اوربالآخر راستہ کاٹ کر ان سے دامن بچاکر نکل گئیں۔یہ سب کچھ اس لیے ہوسکا کہ مرحوم طرزقدیم کے حامل ہونے کے ساتھ وقت کے جدید تقاضوں سے بھی بے خبر نہ تھے اورقدیم وجدید میں ہم آہنگی پیداکرلینے کاان میں بڑااچھا سلیقہ تھا۔آخر عمر...

عِبَادَتْ اور اسْتِعانَتْ سورۃ الفاتحۃ کی روشنی میں

Sūrah al Fātiḥa it is a short Sūrah, yet full of facts and meanings, sweat and heart provoking. This Sūrah is the title of the Qur‘ān and the whole Qur‘ān is its explanation. The fundamental objectives of Qur‘ān, faith and good deeds have been explained in this Sūrah. That is why this Sūrah is also proclaimed as “Umm al Kitāb” and “Umm al Qur‘ān”. Its Scripture is related to worship and help. The worship proceeds to seeking help. The word worship has three meanings: devotion, slavery and submission. Allah Almighty, time and again, ordered towards His submission and worship in the Holy Qur‘ān. It is the esteem of worship on which Allah has honored His Prophet. He is the real Lord and all blessings and powers are for Him. He is Lord of lives and we should have trust in Him and seek help from Him. The separation, individuality and solitude are prohibited in Islam. The verses of Sūrah al Fātiḥa (و ایاک نستعین ایاک نعبد) gives the massage of congregation which is the solution of disturbance and riot. Who so ever wants to go paradise, should have attach to the Ummah.

Single or Combined Effect of Zinc and Probiotics on Gut Morphology, Muscle and Hematological Parameters of Healthy and Heat Stressed Broiler Chicken

Heat stress is a major problem of the tropical countries including Pakistan. It has negative impact on poultry production and causes high economic losses. It has negative impact on growth performance, gastrointestinal morphology, meat quality and alters serum biochemistry of broiler chicken. Zinc and probiotics have a role in amelioration of negative effects of stress. The current study aimed to determine the effect of zinc and probiotics either individually or in combination on the growth performance, gut histomorphology, meat quality and serum biochemical parameters in normal and heat-stressed broiler chicken. The study comprised of two trials and the trials were performed at broiler experimental house (Ravi campus), University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, Pakistan. Experiment I was performed on day-old 192 broiler chicks for six weeks (42 days) under normal environmental conditions. The chicks were divided into six treatment groups including Control (basal diet), Zn30 (Basal diet+30mg ZnSO4.H2O/kg feed), Zn60 (Basal diet+60mg ZnSO4.H2O/kg diet), Pro (Protexin® 0.1g/kg diet),Com30 (Basal diet+30mg ZnSO4.H2O/kg feed+Protexin® 0.1g/kg diet) and Com60 (Basal diet+60mg ZnSO4.H2O/kg feed+Protexin® 0.1g/kg diet). Each treatment comprised of four replicates (8 birds per replicate).Two types of feed were adopted i.e. starter (0-21 days) and grower (22-42 days). At day 42 two birds from each replicate (8 birds/ group) were slaughtered and the parameters for growth performance (body weight, feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio), intestine (villus height, Crypt depth, villus height: crypt depth ratio, villus surface area, goblet cell count and intraepithelial count in duodenum, jejunum and ileum), ceacal tonsil (length, width, area of lymphatic nodule), bursa of Fabricius (length, width, area of lymphoid follicle), meat quality (pHi, pHu, drip loss, muscle fiber diameter and cross sectional area, muscle fascicle diameter andits cross sectional area) were measured. The result showed that zinc supplementation improved the performance parameters including body weight and feed intake. It also increased villus height in duodenum, goblet cell count and intraepithelial count in ileum. The drip loss decreased and muscle fiber diameter, muscle fascicle diameter increased in zinc supplemented groups. Zinc supplementation also elevated the serum cholesterol and zinc levels. The probiotic supplementation either individually or in combination with zinc improved weight gain, feed efficiency, increased villus height: crypt depth ratio in duodenum, goblet cell and intraepithelial lymphocyte count in ileum when compared to control group. The probiotics singly or in combination with zinc improved meat quality through increase in ultimate pH, muscle fiber and muscle fascicle diameter and decrease in drip loss. The serum cholesterol decreased with probiotic supplementation. Experiment II was carried on 280 day-old chicks that were randomly divided in seven treatment groups i.e. Control (basal diet), HS (basal diet), HS-Zn30 (Basal diet+30mg ZnSO4.H2O/kg feed), HS-Zn60 (Basal diet+60mg ZnSO4.H2O/kg diet), HS-Pro (Protexin® 0.1g/kg diet), HS-Com30 (Basal diet+30mg ZnSO4.H2O/kg feed+Protexin® 0.1g/kg diet) and HS-Com60 (Basal diet+60mg ZnSO4.H2O/kg feed+Protexin® 0.1g/kg diet). Each group was comprised of five replicates (8 birds/group). The control group was kept under normal environmental temperature. Rest of the groups were exposed to cyclic heat stress from 22nd day onwards. The heat-stressed birds were kept at high ambient temperature (35±1˚C) and relative humidity (75±5%) for 8 hours (9:00am to 5:00 pm) followed by normal environmental temperature (26˚C) and relative humidity (65±5 %). The experiment duration and diet protocol was same as adopted in experiment I. On day 42, two birds from each replicate (10 birds/ group) were slaughtered. The parameters measured were same as in experiment I. The results presented that heat stress adversely influenced the performance parameters (feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio), intestinal parameters (villus height, villus height: crypt depth ratio, villus surface area, goblet cell and intraepithelial count), meat quality (pHi, pHu, muscle fiber diameters and cross sectional area) and serum biochemical parameters (cortisol, cholesterol and zinc). The dietary addition of zinc and probiotic alone or in combination improved the relative weight of spleen, pancreas, and bursa of Fabricius. The area of lymphatic nodule and lymphoid follicles was higher with combined supplementation of zinc and Probiotic. Single or combined supplementation of zinc and probiotic increased villus surface area, total goblet cell count in all segments of intestine and intraepithelial lymphocytes in jejunum and ileum. The results of the present experiment revealed that single or combined dietary supplementation of zinc and probiotic have positive impact on growth performance, intestinal histomorphology, meat quality and serum biochemical parameters in broiler chicken reared under cyclic heat stress.
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