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سفر ہے شرط۔۔۔

سفر ہے شرط۔۔۔۔

                                                                                                ڈاکٹرعارف حسین عارفؔ

دنیا کی سیر کرنا ، آنکھوں سے دیکھنا اور لفظوں میں دکھانا سب مختلف ہنر ہیں۔ جو شخص دنیا کی سیر کا حوصلہ رکھتا ہے وہ اپنی آنکھیں اور دل کھلا رکھے اور قلم رواں رکھے تو اس کا سفر نہ صرف اپنا سفر رہ جاتا ہے بلکہ وہ اپنے ساتھ ساتھ دوسروں کو بھی ،جو کبھی قیدِ مقام سے نہیں گزرے، اپنے ساتھ ساتھ لیے پھرتا ہے۔ سفر نامہ نگار کی یہی خوبی ہوتی ہے کہ وہ ایک افسانوی فضا قائم کر تے ہوئے داستانوی ماحول بناتے ہوئے ، قاری کو اس طرح اپنی گرفت میں لیتا ہے کہ اُس کے ذہن کی سکرین پر وہ تمام مناظر اپنا عکس لیے ساتھ ساتھ چلتے جاتے ہیں۔

ڈاکٹر الطاف یوسف زئی کا سفر نامہ’’ نیل کے سنگ‘‘ اس لحاظ سے ایک منفرد سفر نامہ ہے کہ جس میں داستانوی عنصر بھی پایا جاتا ہے اور افسانے کا اختصار بھی۔ انھوں نے چند صفحات میں ہی مصر کی ایسی سیر کرادی ہے کہ جو آدمی ایک مہینہ میں بھی شاید نہ کر سکتا ہو۔ تاریخ کی بھاری بھرکم کتابوں کو ہاتھ لگانے سے ڈر لگتا ہے اور پھر ان کا اسلوب بھی اتنا دل خراش ہوتا ہے کہ ایک آدھ صفحے کے بعد کتاب کو طاق پہ سجا دینا ہی مناسب لگتا ہے مگر الطاف صاحب نے سفرنامے کو اس طرح خوبصورت اسلوب اور دل کش پیرائے سے مزین کیا ہے کہ قاری ساتھ ساتھ سفر کرتا چلا جاتا ہے۔ سب سے بڑھ کر ان کے اسلوب میں جو بر محل اشعار اور احادیث اور اسلامی روایات کا استعمال ہے وہ ان کی علمیت کی خبر بھی دیتا ہے اور ساتھ ہی قاری کو ایک اسلامی اور ادبی روایت سے بھی...

تصوف کی حقیقت اور اس پرہونے والے چند اعتراضات کاعلمی جائزہ

Mysticism is the practice of religious ecstasies, together with whatever ideologies, ethics, rights, legends, and magic may be related to them. It may also refer to the attainment of insight in ultimate or hidden truth, and to human transformation supported by various practices and experiences. Sufism also known as Tasawwuf variously defined as Islamic mysticism. The inward dimension of Islam is mysticism in Islam characterized by particular values, ritual practices, doctrines and institutions which began very early in Islamic history and represents "the main manifestation and the most important and central crystallization of mystical practice in Islam. Practitioners of Sufism have been referred to as "Sufis". Sufis have been characterized by their asceticism, especially by their attachment to dhikr, the practice of remembrance of god, often performed after prayers. This article describes of the reality and fact of mysticism, its verbal and literal meanings, and its historical background and also describes its regional division and causes of Tasawwuf. It also analyses of the objections and its answers of which occurred on it.

Remediation of Written English in Government Schools of Rawalpindi Region

Remediation of Written English in Government Schools of Rawalpindi Region The purpose of this research study was to explore some remedial measures required to make the Pakistani students at the Secondary School level use correct English language in their writings. The problem under concern is that students at even higher levels make simple grammatical mistakes which they seem to have carried with them from high schools. The study aims to find out if these errors can be eliminated at a lower level. For this investigation, the researcher has taken the students at the Secondary School level as the subject. Common grammatical deviations have become a challenge for teachers of English in Pakistan. The study aimed to find out specifically some of the most common grammatical deviations and some of the likely causes behind them. The study has also suggested some measures to eliminate these deviations or irregular patterns and to improve the level of English, especially at school level in Pakistan. The researcher analyzed essay scripts written by students of Matriculation to find out common deviations. The researcher then analyzed these deviations by applying Theory of Contrastive Analysis to find out some of the likely causes behind these deviations. The researcher collected two hundred essays (twenty essays each) from randomly selected ten Government High Schools for boys in Rawalpindi. For this purpose, the researcher gave a topic on the spot to let the students write spontaneously. The researcher also used interview as the research tool. One teacher of English, each from the ten schools selected for collecting scripts was interviewed. The analysis of data received showed that First Language interference played a dominant role in the problem under discussion. Secondly, there was a shortage of skilled teachers in the schools. Some main recommendations were: to involve the teachers at the lower levels in curriculum designing, give regular and effective teacher-training workshops and try to develop a spoken English culture in schools. It is expected that this study will serve as a useful tool to study the standard of English at the lower levels and find out some more solutions to the problem of weak standard of English in Pakistan. The analysis of interviews has opened up many new areas to work on. The significance of the study is that we can expect to get students who write and speak correct English at the lower as well as the higher levels of study. Teachers teaching ESP and other special courses of English can face this challenge more easily and can also keep their focus on the actual objectives of the courses.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
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