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اسد ملتانی

اسد ملتانی
گذشتہ ماہ نومبر میں جناب اسد ملتانی بھی کراچی میں وفات پاگئے۔مرحوم صاحب فن استاد سُخن تھے۔قدرت کلام کایہ عالم تھا کہ ہر صنف شاعری میں بے تکلف دادسخن دے سکتے تھے۔مگراُن کااصل میدان قومی شاعری تھا۔اس رنگ میں ڈاکٹر اقبال مرحوم کے متبع تھے ۔سرکاری نوکری کی مصروفیتوں کے باعث ان کو اپنے حوصلہ کے مطابق شاعری کازیادہ موقع نہیں ملا۔پھر بھی جتنا کچھ لکھ گئے ہیں صف اوّل کے شعراء میں اُن کانام زندہ رکھنے کے لیے کافی ہے۔طبعاً بڑے مخلص، منکسرالمزاج،مرنج ومرنجان قسم کے آدمی تھے۔الھم اغفرلہ وارحمہ
[دسمبر۱۹۵۹ء]

 

Psychological Effects of First Language Attrition on Undergraduate English Level Learners in Faisalabad

For many years, researchers have debated the impact of a learner's second language (L2) on their first language (L1). The general goal of this study is to identify the psychological elements that contribute to first language loss when learning a second language. Because this study is limited to Faisalabad, the first language is Urdu, and the data was gathered from undergraduate English as a second language students. The present study investigates to what degree English, as a second language, learners feel it difficult to communicate in a foreign language environment. English language classrooms of two universities including a private and government-level university have been taken as a sampling frame. Data have been collected through questionnaires which were given to twenty-five (25) students from each university. In addition, semi-structured interviews were done to assess replies. The findings demonstrated that psychological abruptions are a primary cause of the smothering of the first language to the constraints of foreignness and oddity in English Language Learners. The study finds that improved language education rules are required, and students should be able to utilize their first and second languages in day-to-day conversation. The study is useful for improving pedagogical practice in English Language Teaching (ELT).

Numerical Simulation of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Analysis Through Annular Sector Duct

Present work is aimed at designing, implementing and validating computational procedure for the fluid flow and heat transfer analysis through the annular sector duct. This work will provide the complete heat transfer analysis and will be useful in developing an understanding of controlling parameter characterizing the configuration of annular sector duct. Chapter 1 is devoted to introduction and literature review, whereas, in chapter 2, we have selected a literature problem and discretised that by using two well known techniques finite difference method, (FDM) and finite volume method, (FV M). By comparing the results obtained from both procedures with the literature, we have selected one procedure for further mathematical models of the dissertation. In the chapter 3, we have carried out the study of forced convective Newtonian fluid flow, by considering the two different cases. In the 1st case, we have studied the forced convective flow of Newtonian fluid under the influence of uniform transverse magnetic field, applied perpendicular to the direction of flow. In the 2nd case, we have studied the influence of uniform transverse magnetic field on electrically conducting Newtonian fluid flow through annulus sector duct, filled with Darcy Brinkman porous media. As most of the fluids in nature are non-Newtonian, therefore, to make our model more realistic, we have replaced the Newtonian fluid with the power law fluid. In the chapter 4, we have carried out the study of forced convective power law fluid flow, by considering the four different cases. In the 1st case, we have studied the impact of flow behaviour index, n, on the forced convective flow in both pseudo-plastic and dilatant fluids. In the 2nd case, we have carried out the influence of magnetic field on electrically conducting power law fluid. We have studied the impact of n in both fluids for different value of Ha. In both cases, successive over relaxation, (SOR), method is used to solve the system of algebraic equations, obtained by using the FV M. In the 3rd and 4th cases, we have studied the impact of porosity factor, K, on forced convective flow of power law fluid through an annular sector duct, filled with Darcy Brinkman porous media in the absence and presence of uniform transverse magnetic field. In both cases, we have used the strongly implicit procedure, (SIP), to solve the system of algebraic equation, and compared with SOR method on the based of convergence. To achieve further enhancement in the heat transfer rate, addition of nano scale particles to the base fluid is an established research methodology now a days. Therefore, in chapter 5, we have studied the impact the nano scale particles on the forced convective flow of power law fluid by considering two different cases. Two types of nano scale particle (i.e Copper, Cu and Titanium oxide, TiO2) are used. Finally to make the dissertation wholesome, in chapter 6, we have studied the combined effect of viscous dissipation and Joule heating on the forced convective flow of power law fluid in absence and presence of nano scale particles. At the end of dissertation, we give brief of the future work.
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