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منظوم خراجِ تحسین

منظوم خراِجِ تحسین
(در خدمت یونس فریدی)
سخن ہے موثر موقر فراواں

غمِ عشق سے سر بہ سر چاک داماں
تصور میں ہر دم وہی روئے جاناں

مجسم مروّت، معطّر گلستاں
نوائے محبت، نہ دیدی، شنیدی
سخن کا ہے شہ کار یونس فریدی
ادب کے جہاں کا یہ روشن ستارا

بہت خوبصورت، بہت پیارا، پیارا
ہر اک شعر سے حسنِ فن آشکارا

ادب کے شبستاں میں روشن ستارا
کشودہ ہمہ قفلِ فن چوں کلیدی
سخن کا ہے شہ کار یونس فریدی
یونہی تو نہیں چار سو نام اس کا

بہت دل کش و دل نشیں کام اس کا
ہے صرفِ سخن چین آرام اس کا

ہے صہبائے الفت سے پر جام اس کا
سخنور ہیں یوں تو بہت ہی فریدی
سخن کا ہے شہ کار یونس فریدی
موج دین فریدی

Wilfred Scawen Blunt and his Ideas on the Future of Islam

Wilfrid Scawen Blunt, like many aristocratic Englishmen in the age of Empire in the late 19th century, took an interest in the Muslim populations of the colonies being governed by Britain. As a prolific writer and poet, his approach differs from his contemporaries in being, on the whole, genuinely sympathetic to Islam. In his book ‘The Future of Islam’ he shows how important the power of Islam in coming centuries is likely to be, and touches upon many important topics, such as the growing spread of Islam in the world and possible adjustments to the Caliphate. He would like to see the formation of a friendly association between Great Britain and the Muslims of the world in the political interests of Britain. Inevitably, many of his predictions and wishes did not materialize in the 20th century. Wilfred Scawen Blunt [1840-1922] was an English gentleman who followed the leisurely pursuits available to affluent members of Victorian society, i.e, travelling and poetry. His travels in the Middle East made a powerful impression on his intellectual and emotional sensibilities. As E.M. Forster wrote in his essay on Blunt, he ‘was drawn to Islam, and at one time thought of professing it.’1 He was, no doubt, in sympathy with the subjugated peoples of the Middle East and with the Indians of South Asia who were groaning under the colonial yoke. Further in the essay, Forster writes, ‘Egyptians found him too proTurkish and Indians too anti-British.’2 This attitude was unique for a stolid Englishman of the time of the ‘highnoon of Empire’. Blunt feared the advance of European powers in Oriental lands. Forster further writes: ‘His detachment is amazing. He dreaded a war because it must involve Asia and Africa, and complete the enslavement of the conservative Oriental nations, whom he loved and who loved him……

In Silico Analyses Inhibition of the Selected Pathogenic Proteins of Zika and Ebola Viruses

The catastrophe Zika virus infused in South America including Brazil and other Caribbean countries obliterated the lives and health of the inhabitants. The neonatal health was badly infected as microcephaly come out the distinctive character of this grave viral attack. The need of the hour is to dive deep in the melancholy and find out robust scientific and advanced techniques both horizontally and vertically which ward off the next generations interim of antiviral drugs and preemptive measures. Due to congenital microcephaly and Guillain-Barre syndrome in human, Zika virus has been gaining attention from scientists. The Zika virus is amongst Flaviviruses like Dengue virus, Japanese encephalitis, Yellow Fever virus, Thick Warm virus and West Nile virus. These are mosquitoes borne human pathogens specially species Aedes aegypti. There are numerous proteins responsible for the pathogenesis of virus including seven of the NS proteins (NS1, NS2A, NS2B, NS3, NS4A, NS4B and NS5) which are integral part of replication complex, located at the cytoplasmic side of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Among these proteins three were selected as drug targets to halt virus infections. Availability of the X- ray crystal structures of Zika virus proteins enabled structure based drug design efforts. First drug target was lipid containing glycosylated NS1 that makes a homodimer inside the cells while its secretion take place inside the extracellular space as hexameric lipoprotein. This leads to the evasion of immune system and causes pathogenesis through establishment of interaction with components from both innate and adaptive immune system as well as other host factors. The second drug target was NS3 helicase protein triggered pathogenesis through replication of RNA and it depends upon ATP. NS3 is one of the most thoroughly studied antiviral drug targets. The enzymatic activity is coupled with the C-terminal region of the nonstructural protein NS3 in Flaviviruses, namely an RNA helicase (NS3-Hel) concerned in genome replication and RNA synthesis. The third target was NS5 protein which is distinctive among other RNA viruses because it contains a fused domain composed of two terminals an Nterminal RNA methyltransferase (MTase) domain and a C-terminal RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domain. The N-terminal MTase domain is responsible for 5′capping and thereby stabilizes the viral RNA genome, while the C-terminal RdRp domain is critical for viral RNA replication and beleaguered for inhibition. The above mentioned non-structural proteins were selected for molecular docking study while following various classes of compounds comprising flavonoids, 1,4-benzothiazene analogues and non-nucleoside inhibitors were selected for molecular docking. The docking results obtained would be exploration in the development of novel potent inhibitors because of the predicted adequate theoretical binding affinities. The molecular docking results were further corroborated with molecular dynamics simulation study including RMSD, RMSF, Rg, HB, P.E, MM/PBSA and PCA results which abetted in the finding of binding modes of inhibitor into the pocket and consequently used to incorporate flexibility in both components of complex which sturdily confirmed and supported the docking study. Besides, Zika virus another deadly virus is Ebola virus (EBOV) and it is a filamentous, enveloped, non-segmented, negative–strand ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus which belongs to family Filoviridae. Ebola virus includes different glycoproteins each of which plays their roles in different aspects of viral life cycle. The secreted glycoprotein (sGP) is a nonstructural protein with a single frame and has total 364–372 residues. Towards the N-terminal 295 residues which also include the signal sequence are similar with full length GP. It differs in the length of C-terminal sequences. The secreted glycoprotein is essential for virology therefore, it can be a decent drug target for the development of novel inhibitors. The lack 3D crystal structure of secreted glycoprotein is big hurdle in designing of drugs against Ebola virus. Therefore, In silico techniques were used to build model including homology modeling and built model was refined through simulation. Furthermore, docking was done through known classes of antiviral drugs and results were found satisfactory.
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