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احمد زکی

احمد زکی
انیسویں صدی کے اواخر اور بیسویں صدی کے اوائل کا دور ایک عالمگیر بیداری تجدید اور ذہنی علمی تہذیب و تثقیف کا دور ہے، تقریباً ہر زندہ قوم و زبان پر بدلے ہوئے حالات کا اثر پڑا اور کچھ ایسی شخصیتیں سامنے آگئیں جو نئے رجحانات اور جدید تقاضوں سے باخبر بھی تھیں اور ان کی اہمیت و ضرورت کی معترف بھی، عالم عرب جو عرصہ سے سیاسی خلفشار اور معاشرتی اضطراب و بے چینی سے دوچار تھا، دوسروں کی بہ نسبت ان حالات سے جلد متاثر ہوا، عربی ادب جو زمانہ سے جمود و تعطل کا شکار تھا، اس دور میں اس نے کئی ایسے نامور ادیبوں کو جنم دیا جنھوں نے نہ صرف یہ کہ عربی ادب کو نئی روح، اس کے قالب کو نئی جان اور اس کے چہرے کو نئی رونق بخشی، بلکہ ان کی بالغ نظری، جدت طرازی اور دوربینی نے دوسروں کی توجہ بھی اپنی جانب مبذول کرلی اور ان کے خیالات کی بازگشت دور دور سنائی دینے لگی، شیخ محمد عبدہ، علامہ رشید رضا، امیر شکیب ارسلان، مصطفی لطفی منفلوطی، مصطفی صادق الرافعی معروف الرضافی خلیل مظران، کرد علی، عباس محمود عقاد، احمد امین، حسن زیات جیسے نامور مفکروں اور ادیبوں سے یہ عہدِ جدید مالا مال ہوگیا، ان میں سے ہر شخص زبان اور فکر و نظر، ادب و انداز اور گہرائی و گیرائی کے لحاظ سے منفرد و ممتاز حیثیت کا حامل ہے۔ انہی ناموروں کی صف میں احمد زکی کا بھی شمار ہوتا ہے، جن کا ابھی گزشتہ سال انتقال ہوا ہے، اور جنھوں نے اپنے سائنس آمیز مقالات و تصانیف کی وجہ سے عربی ادب میں ایسا مرتبہ حاصل کرلیا ہے جو محترم بھی ہے اور باوقار بھی۔
اصلاً وہ سائنس کے عالم تھے، ان کی تعلیم کا بیشتر حصہ سائنسی علوم کی تحصیل...

الشورى في الاسلام

Counseling is a vital pillar of Islamic Shariah by which teachings of Islam are interpreted to solve the modem day problems. It plays a crucial role in highlighting and resolving the collective issues of Muslim Ummah. The West has risen to this power and status because their thinktank body works actively. They have the current situation under their scrutiny and thus hold a guiding light for their nations. It is hightime for the Muslim Ummah to act proactively for the solution of multiple problems being faced by the Muslim Ummah. A think-tank body of the Muslim Ummah may not only unite the Muslim Ummah but it may pave the way for glorifying the Muslim Ummah. Such a think-tank shall give representation to the Muslim scholarly community.

An Integrative Conceptual Approach to the Impact of Job Stressors on Organizationl Performance Through Employee Job Outcomes

The service sector has always been playing an important role in the development of modern economies. Regarding services industry, the banking sector is playing its extraordinary part for boosting up growth of Pakistan. The employees in the service organizations and particularly those who have direct contact with customers, usually serve as representatives of both organization and their products or services. Further, all subordinates working in any organization wish to have flexible and tensionless working environment as job stressors adversely affect employee job outcomes. Hence, for better organizational performance, employees must be satisfied with their jobs and also free from work overload prevailing in their working environment. The main purpose of the research was to determine the impact of job stressors on organizational performance through employee job outcomes in the banking sector of Pakistan. The job stressors include role ambiguity and work overload, while, employee job outcomes include job stress, emotional exhaustion and turnover intention and finally organizational performance is comprised of service quality, customer satisfaction, job satisfaction and organizational commitment. The study has examined the mediating role of employee job outcomes in transferring the impact of job stressors to organizational performance. The research has also assessed moderating role of employee empowerment in differentiating the impact of employee job outcomes on organizational performance. The study was based on primary data collected in the form of filled-in questionnaires from middle and lower management staff and concerned customers of the selected commercial banks. Based on a random sample selected (703 employees) from target population of 198 branches of eleven commercial banks operating in all four provincial capitals (Karachi, Peshawar, Quetta and Lahore) of Pakistan, the study received 519 usable questionnaires,i-e., a response rate of 73.82%. The Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) technique was employed for testing research hypotheses for their validity. The research has yielded the most interesting and surprising results, thereby contributing new insights to the literature.The findings of the study show work overload as compared to role ambiguity, exerts truly detrimental effects upon employee job outcomes and organizational performance. The research has also found mix sort of results for work overload and also for employee job outcomes (job stress and emotional exhaustion) with organizational performance, but, did not obtain statistically significant relationship of turnover intention with even a single measure of organizational performance. Further, the research has found job stress, emotional exhaustion and turnover intention as potential mediators in association between job stressors and organizational performance, and also observed employee empowerment as potential moderator between employee job outcomes and organizational performance. Finally, the study provides support for few of the hypotheses yet there are some theoretical possibilities, which remained unconfirmed
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