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دل میں ایسا درد اٹھا ہے

دل میں ایسا درد اُٹھا ہے
سارا منظر چیخ رہا ہے

اُس کی یاد ہے دل سے گزری
دل میں کیا کیا شور مچا ہے

میری بات نہ مانے گا وہ
مجھ کو اُس کا خوب پتا ہے

دل اندر غم کی شدّت سے
خون کا اِک دریا بہتا ہے

یاد کے بوٹے سوکھ نہ جائیں
دل دریا پانی دیتا ہے

دل کی باتیں وہ کیا جانے
اُس کا دل تو پتھّر کا ہے

دل پر درد کا پتھّر رکھ کر
مجھ کو اُس جیسا بننا ہے

درد سے دل یہ بیٹھ نہ جائے
اب مجھ کو یہ ڈر لگتا ہے

جھوٹ تو بول نہیں سکتا میں
صادقؔ کا مطلب سچّا ہے

Importance of Evidence of DNA in Perspective of Islamic Jurisprudence

DNA or Genetic fingerprinting technology is the topic of the day. It has revolutionized the forensic science. Islamic Jurisprudence has its own procedure and priorities of evidences, which mainly depend upon eyewitness, personal evidence and testimony. It was introduced in 1984. It is used in the identification of parentage, forensic sciences, treatment and diagnosis of diseases. The sequence of base pairs varies from person to person and the relativity of persons is identified by identifying the matching of base pairs. The Contemporary International Institutions of Collective Ijtih฀d have launched heavy discussions on this new evidence and reviewed relevant serious law making efforts based on it, which results in very valuable Fat฀w฀ and resolutions, regarding the use of DNA techniques, as evidence in criminal cases and its limitations and scope in Islamic Jurisprudence. This article discusses and concludes that the genetic fingerprinting technique should be used for the attestation of the cases related to it, along with the traditional way to acquire evidences, even though, it does not have self-sustaining priority, but depends upon other evidences for making a judicial verdict. Like other forensic evidences, it has also errors and intervening factors that limit its accuracy. Therefore, the decisions of crimes liable to ฀ud฀d, Qi฀฀฀ and Diyyat should not depend only upon DNA fingerprinting. Thus, we can say that in the absence of stipulated evidences, rebuking punishment may be sentenced on the basis the evidence of DNA.

Study of Antifertility Potential of Neem Based Contraceptive in Albino Rats

This research was undertaken to observe the antifertility potential of neem oil in males and females , 96 albino rats were used in this study. The animals were administered with two different doses of neem oil orally once at the beginning of study. The animals were divided in different groups (A) treated female with treated males, (B) untreated females with treated males, (C)treated females with untreated males and(D) untreated females with untreated males (Control).They left in the same cage for a period of six weeks. The blood was drawn by cardiac puncture, for the estimation of serum concentration of reproductive hormones in male and females including FSH, LH, Estradiol, Progesterone and testosterone. Animals were scarificed and the female and male gonads were removed for the histological study and analytical purpose to determine the quantity of the active components in tissues. Hormonal analysis revealed significantly increased levels of FSH in low and high dose treated females and significantly decreased levels of estradiol and progesterone in animals treated at high dose. In the males significantly decreased hormone levels were only found amongst high dose treated animals. HPLC has demonstrated the presence of high concentration of neem compounds Azadirachtin & Azadirichtinin in the ovaries. In males these compounds have been shown in high concentration as compared to control males but with much in less concentration as compared to treated females. The histological sections of the gonads have also revealed significant decrease in the number of mature follicles in females and seminiferous tubular diameter in males in the treated animals. None of the females treated at high dose conceived during the present study. From these findings it can be concluded that neem oil has a dose depended antifertility potential.
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