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قدیم مصری عقاید اور عورت

قدیم مصری عقائد اور عورت

عجائب گھر کی تیسری منزل پر بڑے بڑے ہالوں میں فراعین اور ان کی بیگمات کی قبروں سے برآمد ہونے والی اشیا ء رکھی گئی تھیں ۔ان اشیاء کو دیکھ کر اندازہ ہوتا ہے کہ فراعین کی ملکائیں اپنی زیبائش کا کس قدر خیال رکھتی تھی ۔چہروں پر غازہ ،ہونٹوں پر سرخی ، ناخنوں پر رنگ ،بالوں اور جسم کو نفیس رکھنے کے لیے تیل یہاں تک کہ مصری خواتین کے مجسموں کی آنکھوں پر بھی روغن سرمے لگے تھے ۔اس کے علاوہ مختلف کریمیں ،آئینے ، استرے ،بالوں کی سوئیاں ،کنگھیاں ،سنگھار پیٹی ،رکابیاں ،چمچ ،لکڑی ،ہاتھی دانت سے بنی اشیا ،سونے کانسی اور دیگر قیمتی دھاتوں سے بنے زیورات کے بے شمار نمونے یہاں نمائش کے لیے رکھے گئے تھے۔ عجائب گھر میں مصریوں کے قدیم برہنگی سے لے کر ایام سلطنت کے پر تکلف ملبوسات تک ہر عمر اور حیثیت کے مرد و خواتین کے لباس آویزاں تھے ۔وہاں موجود ایک گائیڈ نے ہمیں بتایا کہ اس زمانے میں بچے اور بچیاں اٹھارہ انیس سا ل تک بالیوں اور گلو بندوں کے علاوہ بے لباس پھرتے تھے ۔تاہم لڑکیاں کمر کے گرد منکوں کا کمر بند باندھ کر ایک ظاہری حجاب بناتیں ،ملازم اور کسان لوگوں کے عام کپڑوں میں صرف ایک لنگوٹی شامل تھی ۔

قدیم بادشاہت میں آزاد مرد اور عورتیں ناف تک برہنہ پھرتے اور کمر سے گھٹنوں تک کا حصہ چھوٹی سی چست قمیض سے ڈھانپتے ۔خوشحال گھرانوں کی عورتیں چست قمیض تر ک کر کے ڈھیلی ڈھالی قبا پہنتی تھیں جو کندھے کے اوپر سے آگے آتی اور دائیں چھاتی کے نیچے گرہ کی صورت میں بندھی ہوتی ۔

فرعونوں کے زمانے میں عورت اور مرد دونوں زیوارات کو پسند کرتے اور گردن ، چھاتی...

انواع کتب حدیث: لفظی و معنوی موزونیت

The obeisance of Holy Prophet (S. A. W) is the path of forgiveness and essential component of faith. Therefore, the series of preservations of, (RA) Sahabah by continued is (صلى الله عليه وسلم) Prophet Holy of actions and sayings the followers of Ṣaḥābah and Scholars of the Ummah. For worldly and eternal saving, disciplined efforts were carried out in order to preserve this series. This methodology of preservation with extreme care and technique is exemplary. The process for collection of Hadith was initiated and shaped into books and volumes. It is due to the dignified status of Hadith that Allah created such individuals who preserved the sayings of Holy Prophet (ﷺ) with religious fervor, zeal, honesty and great care. In this article meaningful analysis has been given for such important terminologies which convey technically internal characteristics of the series of books and are a great source of literary beauty. In this connection, terminologies and their meanings represent reflection of each other. The basis of these terminologies is not only on estimated ideas but on the literary and intellectual facts. These are not only according to the time and age but also historical and geographical according to the need of hour and circumstances. From Muḥaddithīn’s point of view, these collections have certain benefits and purposes due to which they kept naming them. The brief, simple and understandable words of terminologies are common; however, their purpose is not common. It is distinguished and extra ordinary. The words used in terminologies are not special but purpose is not to express application. Their contextual meaning is taken under consideration instead of the literal one.

Boundary Element Methods for Incompressible Fluid Flow Problems

In this modern age of science and technology, the numerical methods such as Boundary Element Methods (BEMs) versus empirical methods have received great attention from researchers and have become more important for the numerical solutions of a number of physical problems in the fields of applied mathematics, physics and engineering. Boundary element method is a numerical technique in which the boundary of body under consideration is subdivided into a series of discrete elements over which the function can vary. The astonishing advances in this method have made it a versatile and powerful technique of computational methods. The method is providing a fertile research area and the field of its applications is continuously widening day by day. This method is superior to the domain type methods such as Finite Difference Method (FDM) and Finite Element Method (FEM), etc. due to its remarkable features. One of the most significant features is the much smaller size of the system of equations and considerable reduction in data, which is pre-requisite to run a computer program efficiently. Moreover, the method is ideally suited to the problems with infinite domains. Therefore, such method is computationally more efficient, accurate, time saving and economical. Boundary element methods can be usually formulated using two different approaches known as the ‘direct’ and ‘indirect’ methods. The direct method takes the form of a statement which provides the values of unknown variables at any field point in terms of the complete set of all the boundary data, whereas the indirect method uses the distribution of singularities over the body surface or the flow field and computes such distribution as the solution for an integral equation. Furthermore, this method is an active area of research in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and it has been very useful in dealing with fluid flow problems. In this thesis, the author has used different formulations of BEM such as ‘direct’ and ‘indirect’ methods for calculating the solutions for incompressible fluid flow problems. These methods have been implemented on computer using FORTRAN 77. In chapter 0, the basic concepts necessary in the study of Fluid Mechanics are given. In chapter 1, statement of the problem, literature review and the method of solutions are given. The general equations for viscous fluid flow are presented in chapter 2. In chapter 3, equations for boundary element methods are derived. Chapter 4 deals with the discretisation of equation for boundary element method. In chapter 5, the indirect boundary element method has been used to calculate the flow field around two – and three – dimensional bodies. The direct and indirect boundary element methods have been applied to calculate viscous incompressible flow (Oseen flow) around a circular cylinder in chapter 6. Finally, in chapter 7 both the direct and indirect boundary element methods have been used to calculate three – dimensional highly viscous incompressible flow (Creeping flow) past a sphere. It has been observed that the computed results in all the above mentioned cases are in good agreement with the analytical results. At the end, the conclusion and extension for further work have been given.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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