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کبوتر، گدھ تے سَپ دی دوستی

کبوتر، گدھ تے سَپ دی دوستی

کسے جنگل وچ کبوتر تے کبوتری اک درخت اتے آہلنا پے کے رہندے سن۔ دونویں بہت خوش سن۔ کسے وی قسم دا اوہناں نوں فکر نہ سی۔ جنگل وچوں اوہ دانہ چگدے تے آرام نال زندگی گزار رہے سن۔ حالانکہ اوتھے کئی ہور پرندے تے جانور وی رہندے سن۔ پر ایہناں دا کسے نال کوئی میل جول نہ سی۔ اک دن کبوتری نے کبوتر نوں آکھیا کہ ساہنوں ایتھے رہندے کئی سال ہو گئے ساڈا کوئی دوست نئیں۔ تسی نال دے درخت اتے رہ رہے گدھ نال دوستی کرلو تاں جے کدے ساہنوں اوہناں دی مدد دی لوڑ پوے یاں اوہناں نوں ساڈی مدد دی لوڑ پوے تاں اک دوجے دی مدد کر سکیے۔ کبوتر نوں کبوتری دی اک گل پسند آئی تے اگلے دن اوہ دوستی دا پیغام لے کے گدھ دے گھر گیا تے اوس دے سامنے ساری رکھی۔ گدھ نے کبوتر دی گل نال اتفاق کیتا۔ دوست بنن مگروں کبوتر نے گھر آ کے ساری گل کبوتری نوں دسی تے اوہ سن کے بہت خوش ہوئی۔

کجھ دناں پچھوں کبوتری نے کبوتر نوں سپ نال دوستی لاون لئی گھلیا جو نالے والے درخت دی جڑاں وچ رہندا سی۔ اوس نال دوستی توں بعد اوہ دونویں بے فکر ہو گئے۔ کبوتر، گدھ تے سپ کدے کدے اک دوجے دے گھر جاندے، خیر خیریت پچھدے تے اپنے گھر واپس آ جاندے۔ انج اوہناں دی زندگی بہت چنگی لنگھ رہی سی۔

اک رات انج ہویا کہ جنگل وچ کجھ شکاری آئے۔ رات ہوون پاروں اوہ جنگل توں باہر جاون دا رستہ بھل گئے۔ اوہناں رات جنگل وچ ٹھہرن دا فیصلہ کیتا تے ڈیرے اوس درخت لائے جتھے کبوتر دا آہلنا سی۔ رات دے ہنیرے توں بچن لئی اوہناں سکے پتے تے ٹہنیاں...

قرآن مجید اور احادیث میں لفظ رحم کا تصور اور استعمالات

All praises and thanks be to Allah, the Lord of the entire Universe Muhammad, who is a symbol of mercy, peace, and love to all human beings. Islam is a universal religion. Its blessings, bounties, and auspiciousness are common to all human beings irrespective of community, caste, creed, region, and nation. Islam is the religion of peace and mercy. It is a religion for humanity. It strongly emphasizes love and mercy in general. It teaches us that we should show mercy. R-?-M (Arabic: ?) is the tri consonantal root of many Arabic and Hebrew words, and many of those words are used in the Holy Quran. Holy Quran is a complete guide for all human beings. All chapters in the Quran, except one (Repentance Chapter), begin with the words “Bismillahiar-Rahman AR-Rahim” or in the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful. IN Islam the title “Most Merciful” (al-Rahman) is one of the names of Allah and Compassionate (al-Rahim), which is the most common name occurring in the Quran. Rahman and Rahim both derive from the root Rahmat, which refers to tenderness and benevolence. Allah SWT could have used other attributes in its place, but he chooses these two which show their significance. God’s Mercy precedes his other attributes. Each worshipper repeats the attribute of mercy sixty-eight times/day during his five daily prayers. Without love and mercy, there will be chaos in society. Showing mercy to Allah’s creatures creates a society of peace and tolerance. That is why in Holy Quran Allah emphasized mercy and tenderness.

Production of Biodiesel by Enzymatic Transesterification of Non-Edible Salvadora Persica Pilu Oil and Crude Coconut Oil in a Solvent-Free System

Biodiesel is one of the renewable and eco-friendly fuels which can alleviate the concerns associated with fossil such as fluctuating prices and disastrous effects on the environment including global warming. The biofuel is usually produced from transesterification of vegetable oils and consists of alkyl esters. The chemical method of producing biodiesel has several drawbacks while the use of edible vegetable oils for biodiesel raises several concerns such as food vs. fuel crisis. The current work investigated biodiesel production from non-edible Salvadora persica seed oil (SPSO) and crude coconut oil (CCO) catalyzed by Burkholderia cepacia lipase in a solvent-free system. The biodiesel yield produced from these feedstock was compared and the effect of acyl acceptor (ethanol) in different ratios on biofuel production was determined. The fatty acid composition of SPSO and CCO was determined through gas chromatography and their average molecular weight was calculated. Different molar ratios of oil and ethanol were employed in transesterification for biodiesel production at 50?C, 7.0 pH with 50 mg lipase. Thin layer chromatography of oils and biodiesel samples was performed while the percentage yield was determined through gas chromatography. The results showed that medium chain fatty acids make up to 53.88% and 76.89% of the fatty acid content of SPSO and CCO respectively. Both are good candidates for enzymatic transesterification to produce medium chain biodiesel. The species of Salvadora persica (Pilu) has potential of a biodiesel crop. The average molecular weight was calculated as 749.53 g/mol for SPSO and 664.57 g/mol for CCO. Maximum biodiesel yield (around 70%) was obtained at 1:4 oil to ethanol molar ratio from both oils followed by a gradual decline at higher ratios. The gas chromatographic analysis of Salvadora biodiesel at 1:4 molar ratio showed that the yield of individual esters was mostly of medium and long chain fatty acids. In contrast the analysis of coconut biodiesel revealed that it consists mainly of the esters of medium chain fatty acids. Burkholderia cepacia lipase is a promising biocatalyst for production of biodiesel from SPSO and CCO provided the right conditions including optimum oil to ethanol molar ratio. Since free lipase was used in this study, stable yields of biodiesel as well as of individual fatty acid ethyl esters would have been achieved if any form of immobilized lipase would have been used.
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