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کلی فقیر دی

کلی فقیر دی

فقیر دی کلی وچ آ کڑیے
تے ستڑے نصیب جگا کڑیے
کلی والے رستے نوں بھل نہیوں جاونا
بیلیاں تے جھنگیاں چ رل نہہیوں جاونا
شوق دا چراغ لَے کے سدھے جُل آونا
کلی والے سائیں نوں توں رہبر بنا کڑیے
کلی ول آونا توں چھپ کے چھپا کے
دنیاں دیاں نظراں توں بچ کے بچا کے
ویکھ لئیں ہر پاسے لمبی نگاہ پا کے
رستے وچ مکھ توں ناں چادر ہٹا کڑیے
کلی واے رستے تے ملے تینوں روشنی
کلی وچ آ ہُن گل نہ کوئی سوچ نی
لکھیا نصیب جیویں دیویں نہ توں دوش نی
کلی وچ ہک واری آ آزماء کڑیے
کلی ول سدھا ویکھیں دیوا ہوسی بلدا
جھنڈا مولیٰ علی والا کلی اُتے ہلدا
لگے اوتھے ڈر نہ تینوں کسے گل دا
کلی والے سائیں دی توں بردی کہلا کڑیے
کلی والے راہ اوتے بلدے چراغ نیں
کلی وچ آ کے توں ہونا باغ و باغ نیں
اوتھے آکے دھل جانے سارے تیرے داغ نیں
توبہ والی کلی وچ سر نوں جھکاء کڑیے
کلی والے رستے تے خطرے وی ڈھیر نیں
سپ شنہہ نالے رہندے ببر شیر نیں
مولا علی دا صدقہ ہون سارے زیر نیں
توں دل وچوں خوف نوں بھگاء کڑیے
کلی والی رات دے کئی وکھرے نظارے نیں
بھل ڈل جان غم جتنے وی سارے نیں
چن نال خوش رہندے جیویں ایہہ ستارے نیں
کلی والا لگا تیرے دل نوں ایہہ چاء کڑیے
کلی ول آوناں توں دنیا توں چوری اے
دروازہ نہیں او لنگنا تے لنگ آناں موری اے
جئے کوئی تینوں ویکھ لوے ناں دکھائیں کمزوری اے
راہ وچ کسے دا نہ دل توں دُکھا کڑیے
کلی والے...

The Rationale for Colonialism: Akbar’s Dream (Notes)

Akbar’s Dream [1892] is among the last poems of Alfred, Lord Tennyson – Poet-Laureate of Britain. It was composed when the British Empire was at its apex of territorial expansion and Queen Victoria was the Empress of India. It is reflective of the position of Tennyson as PoetLaureate – whose ‘official’ task was to celebrate the achievements and other notable events of Britain. Tennyson was an ultra-conservative person who believed that Britain was doing a favour to the peoples they had conquered and subjugated. This was intended for their benefit so as to advance them in the scale of civilization.

Standardization of Different Aspects of Radish Seed Production

This study was conducted to standardize plant spacing (Exp. # 1), planning geometry (Exp. # 2) and nutrients input (Exp. # 3 & 4) for quality seed production of radish. Field experiment were conducted during 2013-14 and 2014-15. The results of 1st experiment exhibited that though the growth characters like number of branches, branch length, silique length, silique weight, number of siliques/plant, 1000 seed weight and seed yield/plant were maximum in treatment combination of row and plant spacing 75×45 cm, but seed production/plot was highest in treatment combination of row and plant spacing 60×45 cm, due to higher plant population per unit area. Up take up of NPK was maximum for treatment combination of 75×45 cm due to less inter-plant competition. So, maximum seed production can be obtained by adopting the row and plant spacing of 60×45 cm. In 2nd experiment, it was observed that ridge sowing technique was the best for seed production of radish, is optimal. While, Mino Early variety, performance was better than forty days variety in ridge sowing method. Maximum, N, P and K contents in seed were also observed in ridge sowing. Least seed production was recorded in flat sowing. The results obtained from 3rd experiment indicated that the application of N, P and K @ 100: 100: 75 kg/ha was effective for getting higher seed yield of radish under climate of Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Plant lodging increased at higher application rates of nutrients, especially nitrogen. Maximum N, P and K contents in seed were recorded in response to NPK application @ 125:100:50 kg/ha, 125:75:75 kg/ha, 125:50:75 kg/ha, respectively. There was no significant impact of various fertilizer doses on number of seeds/silique, silique length and seed germination. The results of 4th experiment exhibited stecklings produced from healthy roots ensured higher and uniform seed production of radish crop. Addition of N, P and K @ 75: 65: 65 kg/ha were found effective for getting higher yield of radish root crop, these roots, when subsequently used for steckling preparations, gave higher seed yield than other fertilizer application rates. Plant lodging increased with increase in nutrient application rates, especially nitrogen. There was no significant impact of various fertilizer doses on seed germination. In crux, for highest seed production, steckling should be planted on ridges, keeping row to row and plant to plant spacing of 60×45 cm, and NPK should be applied @ 100: 100: 75 kg/ha under the agro climatic conditions of Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. While, addition of NPK @ 75: 65: 65 kg/ha to root crop for higher root yield and such roots produced higher seed yield than other fertilizer treatments.
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