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پروفیسر خورشید الاسلام

پروفیسر خورشید الاسلام
پروفیسر خورشید الاسلام ۱۸؍ جون کو علی گڑھ کی خاک کا پیوند ہوگئے، اناﷲ وانا الیہ راجعون۔
وہ جولائی ۱۹۱۹؁ء میں مراد آباد اور بجنور کی سرحد پر واقع ایک گاؤں امری میں پیدا ہوئے، یہ اور مشہور شاعر اختر الایمان گہرے دوست تھے اور فتح پوری ہائی اسکول میں ساتھ ہی پڑھتے تھے اور دونوں اسکول کے مشہور ڈبیٹر اور بہترین مقرر تھے، بی اے کرنے کے بعد خورشید الاسلام صاحب کچھ عرصے رسالہ ’’آج کل‘‘ کے سب اڈیٹر رہے اور ۱۹۴۳؁ء میں ایم اے کرنے کے لیے علی گڑھ مسلم یونیورسٹی آئے، یہاں پھر اختر الایمان کا ساتھ ہوا اور دونوں ۱۹۴۴؁ء میں یونیورسٹی کی نمائندگی کے لیے حیدر آباد گئے اور ہفت روزہ اردو کانگریس میں شریک ہوئے، خورشید الاسلام صاحب ۱۹۴۵؁ء میں ایم اے کرنے کے بعد علی گڑھ یونیورسٹی کے شعبہ اردو میں لکچرر ہوگئے اور ۱۹۷۳؁ء میں پروفیسر ہوئے،اور جب پروفیسر آل احمد سرور سبکدوش ہوئے تو یہ صدر شعبہ ہوئے۔
مضمون نگاری شروع کی تو مولانا شبلی پر ہاتھ صاف کیا، مولانا پر ان کا یہ مضمون ان کی کتاب ’’تنقیدیں‘‘ میں شامل ہے، اس کا آغاز اس طرح کیا ہے ’’شبلی پہلے یونانی تھے جو مسلمانوں میں پیدا ہوئے‘‘ بعض لوگوں کا خیال ہے کہ یہ مضمون ان کی علمی شہرت کا باعث بنا اور مولانا ابوالکام آزاد نے اس کو بہت پسند کیا، ان کی سفارش پر خورشید صاحب کو لندن یونیورسٹی میں ملازمت مل گئی مگر راقم نے سنا ہے کہ مولانا نے ان کے نام ہی کو غلط قرار دیا کہ اس میں مضاف و مضاف الیہ دولسانی ہیں۔
بہرحال وہ لندن یونیورسٹی میں تدریسی خدمت پر مامور رہے اور آکسفورڈ یونیورسٹی سے شائع ہونے والی اردو انگریزی لغت کے اڈیٹر بھی مقرر ہوئے، انہوں نے یونیسکو پروجیکٹ کے تحت ’’غالبؔ۔ حیات اور...

QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG PHYSICALLY DISABLED FEMALES IN BACKWARD AREAS OF PAKISTAN

Background and Aim: Social discrimination is one of the most fatal and important source of hindrance for women causing them depressed. The aim of this research study was to find important information on QOL of physically disabled women of backward areas (Triple discriminated population of Pakistan). Methodology: The current research was conducted at PRSP, D.I.Khan through Cross sectional survey. Sample size for current study was 300 and SF-36 was used to measure QOL. Data was analyzed by using SPSS 22. Results: The measured mean age of the sample was 27.07 ± 11.10 years. Only 22% of the participants were married. Only 10 3.3% of the participants, completed their tertiary education. The overall SF-36 score was 47.07 ± 12.78. the domains like Physical functioning was 41.33 ± 20.38, Role physical 31.66 ± 35.61, Body pain 74.77 ± 24.06, General health 44.91 ± 14.12, Energy/fatigue 43.16 ± 16.01, Social functioning 49.37 ± 19.80, Role emotional 30.77 ± 36.53, and Mental health 45.97 ± 13.71. This study shows that education has significant impact on the QOL. Conclusion: Physical disability has visible effects on quality of life of Female PWDs. In PWDs management, quality of life needs to be focused in Rehab program for more effective approach.

Analysis of Curriculum With Respect to Citizenship Education at Secondary Level in Punjab

The main objective of this study was to analyze the curriculum with respect to citizenship education at secondary level in Punjab. To achieve this objective, this study was accomplished in four phases. The phase I was related to the development and validation of checklist, as citizenship education is diversified field, thus the checklist was comprised of thirty five elements of citizenship which were identified with the help of literature review and its validity was assessed by a jury of experts. These elements were grouped into the six dimensions (main categories) of citizenship education such as communication and group work abilities, self-discipline, tolerance, political literacy, critical thinking and individuation. The phase II was concerned with the use of checklist for qualitative content analysis of three important sources of citizenship education. The first source was the curriculum documents 2006 of four subjects such as English, Urdu, Pakistan studies and Islamiyat of both 9th and 10th classes. The second source was used for analyzing the content of textbooks of all four subjects mentioned above of 9th and 10th classes. The third source was the education policy 2009 approved by the federal government of Pakistan. To collect the data from these three sources, relational analysis (a sub-technique of content analysis) approach was adopted to explore the link and relationship between texts concepts, words or phrases with elements of citizenship education. The process was completed in eight stages under the model of content analysis (relational analysis) proposed by Wilkinson and Birmingham (2012). The important stages were deciding which type of relationship to examine and coding and categorizing the text for further exploring relationships of text with the elements of citizenship education. Phase III was specified for quantitative data collection. For this purpose a questionnaire of five points Lickert scale was developed by aligning it to the already developed checklist of first phase. The focus of this phase was to examine the teacher’s view by agreeing or disagreeing through their agreeing or disagreeing about the presence of 35 elements of citizenship education. The phase IV was related to the final analysis and interpretation/description of all the data collected through both quantitative and qualitative research methods. It was revealed through the analysis of curriculum of secondary level in Punjab that all the elements of each major dimension of citizenship education were not comprehensively imparted through curriculum to the young students. Overall our education system was ignoring the provision of citizenship education at secondary level. The chi-square test also indorsed this fact that all the sources i.e. textbooks, curriculum documents, education policy 2009 and teacher survey review were not found to uniformly contributing to even a single element of citizenship education. The teacher views were notably important which had verified the overall situation of citizenship education in the curriculum in the Punjab Pakistan.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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