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مولانا سید محمد مرتضیٰ مظاہری

مولانا سید محمد مرتضیٰ مظاہری مرحوم
ندوۃ العلماء کے کتب خانہ شبلی کے ناظر مولانا سید محمد مرتضیٰ مظاہری بھی ۳؍ اور ۴؍ نومبر کی درمیانی شب میں لکھنؤ میں انتقال فرماگئے، وہ قریباً چالیس برس تک ندوہ کے کتب خانہ کی ترقی و تزئین کے لیے وقف رہے، لائبریری سائنس کی کسی مروجہ عصری سند کے بغیر انہوں نے جس طرح اس کتب خانہ کو ملک کا بہترین کتب خانہ بنایا وہ اپنی مثال آپ ہے، انہوں نے عرصہ تک ندوہ کے مدرسہ ثانویہ اور دارالاقامہ سلیمانیہ میں اتالیق و مربی کے فرائض بھی انجام دیے ندوہ اور مولانا سید ابوالحسن علی ندوی سے ان کو عشق تھا، ندوہ کے لیے انہوں نے کثرت سے سفر کئے، نہایت مرنجاں مرنج خوش اخلاق، ہنس مکھ اور خلیق و شفیق تھے دارالمصنفین سے بھی ان کو خاص تعلق تھا، سید صباح الدین عبدالرحمن مرحوم جب بابری مسجد مرتب کررہے تھے تو مولانا نے بڑی دلچسپی سے ان کو ضروری مخطوطات و کتابیں مہیا کیں جن کا اعتراف کتاب کے مقدمہ میں کیا گیا ہے، گزشتہ مہینہ جب دارالمصنفین میں رابطہ ادب اسلامی کے سمینار کا اعلان ہوا تو وہ اس میں شریک ہونے والے تھے، لیکن قضاو قدر نے اس سے پہلے ہی ان کو اپنے خالق حقیقی کے حضور میں بلالیا، اﷲ تعالیٰ پس ماندگان کو صبر جمیل اور مولانا مرحوم کو جنت الفردوس میں جگہ عطا فرمائے، آمین۔ (’’ع ۔ص‘‘، دسمبر ۱۹۹۵ء)

 

Information Management From the Interpretation of Al-Quran: Study on Tafsir Nur Al-Ihsan

The development of works in the field of Quranic interpretation has grown rapidly in this age. The work in this field has been written in various major languages of the world such as Arabic, English and Malay. The resulting works contain a lot of information quoted from the works written by previous authors. For example, the work of Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan written by Muhammad Said Omar contains a lot of information quoted from Tafsir al-Jalalyn, Tafsir al-Baydawi and Tafsir al-Jamal. Nevertheless, this study found that the information was widely quoted by the author until there was an inaccurate information being referred to by him. Therefore, a method or system should be practiced so that the information contained in the work of Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan can be managed well as well as avoid the mistakes of readers. One way to manage these resources is to identify the original work referred to by the author. The analysis of Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan used the genetic approach which was published by Goldman in studying the origin of the resources. This study referred the text from Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan and the texts of works that became author's references, which are Tafsir al-Jalalyn, Tafsir al-Jamal, Tafsir al-Baydawi, Tafsir al-Khazin, Tafsir al-Baghawi, Tafsir al-Tabari, Tafsir al-Qurtubi, Tafsir al-Razi, Tafsir al-Nasafi, Tafsir Ibn Kathir and Tafsir al-Tha’labi, and made a comparison of the texts to detect the similarities and differences. The result of the analysis proved that Syeikh Muhammad Sa’id implemented five methods; which are quoting the text in parallel, writing an abstract, removal of some of the words, adding explan-ation, and refuting part of the text. This study also revealed the purpose of Syeikh Muhammad Sa’id while creating his work is to strengthen the translations written. Thus, he successfully strengthens translation when the contents of the text are parallel to the reference. However, in certain places existed a text from the author's references contradicts with the content of Tafsir Nur al-Ihsan, which failed his attempt to strengthen the translation in certain part of the text. Key words: , , .

Analysis of Deforestation of Riverine Forest of Sindh Using Remote Sensing & Analytic Hierarchy Process Ahp Techniques

The present research work focuses on mapping, monitoring, change detection, deforestation impacts and prioritization of deforestation factors. From our research it has been revealed that mapping area is of polygon shape and these polygons have been divided into four regions; region one comprises of two divisions Sukkur and Shikarpur (the total area of polygon is 199695 ha) official forest area of both divisions is (61116 ha). Region two comprises of two divisions Larkana and Dadu (the total area of polygon is 222808.79ha) official forest area of both divisions is (65124.7287 ha). Region three also comprises of two divisions Nawabshah and Hyderabad (the total area of polygon is 178266.7943ha), official forest area of both divisions is (68642.785 ha). Fourth region comprises of only Thatta division (the total area of polygon is 94226.6571ha) and official forest area is (51979.66 ha). Secondly our research revealed alarming changes in the whole region which have been continuously monitored from 1979 to 2010. The overall forest cover in 1979 was 28.86%, 1992, 23.80%, 1998, 9.59%, 2000, 6.44%, 2006, 5.47%, 2009, 3.89%, 2009-12, 3.71% and 2010, 2.96%; overall change observed in forest area is 25.07%. Similarly the study focused on regional temperature by continuous monitoring of riverine forest from 1992 to 2009, the average temperatures in 1992 were 39 °C, 1998, 43.38°C, 2000, 36.56°C, 2003, 42.42°C and 2009, 44.34°C. The variations of temperatures have influenced and impacted overall climate of the Indus basin, which has changed the riverine ecosystem. The satellite data indicates a significant rise in average temperatures to 4.15OC (1992- 2009). This variation in temperature has brought about associated factors such as deforestation, droughts, global warming and socioeconomic conditions. These changes in temperature and forest cover have a direct impact on depended factors such as Temperature Increase 7%, Reduction of Grazing area 22%, reduction in livestock 22%, Mass Migration 15%, Poverty 24%, Land Encroachment 8% and Bad law and order 7%, all these factors have been affected by deforestation in Indus basin.
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