ڈاکٹر عبدالوہاب عزام مصری
دوسرا حادثہ دنیائے عرب کی نامور شخصیت ڈاکٹر عبدالوہاب عزام مصری کی وفات کا ہے، وہ عربی دنیا کے اکابررجال میں تھے، ان میں علم و سیاست دونوں کا جتماع تھا علوم و ادب کے فاضل، عربی، فارسی، ترکی، انگریزی، فرنچ وغیرہ متعدد زبانوں کے ماہر تھے، اردو سے بھی واقفیت رکھتے تھے، انہوں نے مصر اور لندن کی یونیورسٹیوں سے ڈاکٹریٹ کی ڈگری حاصل کی تھی، ابتدا میں مدرسہ قضاء شرعی کے استاد مقرر ہوئے تھے، پھر یونیورسٹی میں عربی، فارسی اور ترکی کے پروفیسر، پھر اسی یونیورسٹی میں شعبۂ السنہ مشرقیہ کے صدر مقرر ہوئے، اور آخر میں آرٹس کالج کے پرنسپل ہوگئے تھے، علم کیساتھ سیاست بھی ممتاز تھے، چنانچہ مختلف اوقات میں حکومت مصر کی جانب سے لندن سعودی عرب اور پاکستان کے سفیر مقرر ہوئے، تھوڑے دن ہوئے سعودی حکومت نے ریاض یونیورسٹی کے قیام و تاسیس کے سلسلہ میں ان کی خدمات حاصل کی تھیں، ابھی وہ اس کام کو انجام دے رہے تھے کہ پیام اجل آگیا، انہوں نے اپنے قلم و دماغ سے علم و فن اور دنیائے عرب کی بڑی قیمتی خدمات انجام دیں اور علمی مضامین کے علاوہ بہت سی محققانہ تصانیف اور تراجم یادگار چھوڑے، عربی دنیا میں ان کی موت سے جو جگہ خالی ہوئی ہے وہ مشکل سے بھر سکے گی، اﷲ تعالیٰ علم و ملت کے اس خادم کو اپنے دامن رحمت میں جگہ دے۔
(شاہ معین الدین ندوی، جولائی ۱۹۵۹ء)
Raja Abon Makmur Lestari's business has good potential, resulting in considerable business competition. One of the businesses that produce shredded is Small and Medium Enterprises (UKM) Raja Abon Makmur Lestari. This business must apply a consumer-oriented marketing concept. The application of this concept is to determine the marketing mix consisting of product, price, promotion, and place. The purpose of this study was to analyze consumer assessments of the various attributes of shredded products and evaluate the results of the shredded product marketing mix strategy. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis, with the 4P marketing mix approach. The marketing mix strategy evaluation design involves internal parties, namely business owners, and external parties, namely consumers. The results of the discussion show that consumer assessment of products has guaranteed quality, consumer ratings of prices are in accordance with quality, consumer assessments of shredded product distribution are easy to obtain and consumer assessments of promotion by word of mouth are very efficient and easy to get information on social media. The evaluation results of the marketing mix for shredded products are in the range of 101-125. Based on this total value, it can be concluded that all the variables of the marketing mix carried out by the king of shredded and prosperous sustainable have been effective.
Head teachers in secondary schools are responsible for instructional supervision of science subjects while most of the head teachers have never worked as science teachers or even science students in their educational career. People who have no knowledge of the subject matter and teaching techniques of the relevant area can not provide sufficient help to teachers as instructional supervisors. This study was conducted to design an instructional supervision model for effective science teaching at secondary level in the context of Pakistani culture and provisions. The main objectives of the study were about the professional and academic competencies of the head teachers responsible for instructional supervision in secondary schools, supervisory practices to supervise teaching of science at secondary level and the problems of teaching of science in secondary schools. The study was conducted in two phases. Three types of instruments (a competency check list, a rating scale for supervisory practices and an interview schedule for respondents) were developed by the researcher. Instruments were validated through expert opinion and the reliability was established through pilot testing. Reliability of the instrument for competencies was ensured .9423 while for supervisory practices and the problems it was ensured at .9534 and .7362 respectively. For first phase, data was collected from 332 science teachers, 327 head teachers, and 73 executives i.e. Execuitive District Officers (EDOs) (Education) & District Education Officers (DEOs). The second phase was experimental and designed model was implemented in selected schools to determine its validity and feasibility. Data of first phase was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The findings revealed that most of the head teachers rarely plan teaching learning activities for science classes; rarely observe how teachers teach and redirect their teaching; rarely help teachers to plan and teach lessons in classrooms in science subjects; and head teachers rarely provide any guidance to teachers and students regarding their teaching and learning problems. Paired sample t-test was applied to the data collected in phase two. Analysis of experimental data revealed that designed model may be useful if followed as it improved the achievement scores of the students who were taught by the teachers supervised through designed model.