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المبحث الثالث: أهم مؤلفاتها

المبحث الثالث: أهم مؤلفاتها

 نازک الملائکۃ شاعرۃ مشھورۃ وکاتبۃ مثقفۃ وناقدۃ بارعۃ لھا مؤلفات قیمۃ في الوسط الأدبي. حصلت الشاعرۃ علی أکبر مرکز أدبي وصلت إلیہ امرأۃ عربیۃ حتی ذلک الوقت وھي قائدۃ ورائدۃ في الحقلین الشعري والنقدي وھذا انجاز لا یستطیع أحد أن یأخذہ منھا[1]، ولھا کتب في النقد: منھا:

(1) ’’قضایا الشعر المعاصر‘‘ صدر في عام 1962م ونشر لأول مرۃ في بغداد.

ومن أھم دواوینھا:

(2) عاشقۃ اللیل 1947م نشر في بغداد، وھذا أول قصائدھا[2]

(3) قرارۃ الموجۃ 1957م۔

(4) شجرۃ القمر 1968م۔

(5) یغیر ألونہ البحر 1970م۔

(6) مأساۃ الحیاۃ وأغنیۃ للإنسان1977م.

(7) الصلاۃ والثورة1978م.

(8) التجزیئیۃ في المجتمع العربي المعاصر 1974م وھي دراسۃ علم الإجتماع۔ وتجعل الشاعرۃ لنفسھا مکانۃ ممیزۃ فریدۃ وترید أن تثبت شخصیتھا الجدیدۃ وأن تبدع لنفسھا شيئاً حديثاً موافقاً للعصر الحدیث مختلفاً عن العصر القدیم۔

شيء عن مؤلفات الشاعرۃ

نازک الملائکۃ شاعرۃ معروفۃ ومشھورۃ وکاتبۃ مثقفۃ وناقدۃ بارعۃ لھا مؤلفات قیمۃ في الوسط الأدبي۔

تناولت الشاعرۃ الکثیر من قضایا المجتمع وحاولت البحث عن بعض مشاکل المجتمع والبحث عن السعادۃ وما إلی ذلك۔

ولھا کتب في النقد منھا:

1۔ ’’قضایا الشعر المعاصر‘‘ صدر في عام1962م ونشرت لأول مرۃ في بغداد وتنسب إلی نفسھا ریادۃ الشعر الحر بقصیدتھا (الکولیرا) وتصور مشاعرھا تجاہ مصر الشقیقہ خلال وباء الکولیرا. وضحت الشاعرۃ في کتابھا ’’قضایا الشعر المعاصر‘‘ أن الشعر الحر اندفاعۃ اجتماعیۃ[3]۔ والعروض العام للشعر الحر[4]، والشعر الحر أسلوب[5] ثم بحور الشعر الحر[6]، وأیضاً وضحت بأن...

Challenges of Translating the Arabic Qur’an into English A Comparative Study of Eight Leading Translations

Any translation of the Arabic Qur’an in English or any European language is likely to be imperfect. This is primarily due to the differences in the language, semantics, idiom, style and culture. Almost fifty such translations have appeared in the last fifty years, both by Muslim and other scholars, but none can claim any perfection in imaging the Arabic Qur’an. Nevertheless, there are some that are faithful to word-by-word (literal) or sense-for-sense (free) translation, but most lack the flavor of the Qur’anic essence and image either due to the translating approach, or inadequate understanding of the meaning of Sacred Arabic Text, or constraints of eloquence of the English language. This paper examines eight of the leading translations and draws conclusions relating to the use of translation techniques and literary devices and concepts that add beauty to the eloquence of Arabic Qur’an and makes it a living and literary masterpiece. It is found that the meaning of the lexical expressions have been maintained to a high degree in the process of translation and the use of literary devices has been adequately captured by the selected translations.

An Evaluation of English Language Teaching Course Offered by PAF Teacher's Training Institute Islamabad

A large part of the English teachers teaching at various schools across Pakistan have little or no sound knowledge of modern developments in English Language Teaching (ELT). Such teachers are partly to blame for the poor standard of ELT in Pakistan. Training such in service teachers is of utmost and immediate importance for two main reasons. First, it is the untrained fresh graduates who are employed as teachers. Second, Pakistani universities training graduates and post-graduates hardly provide any training in ELT. The research was undertaken to evaluate the English Language Teaching Course (ELTC) offered by PAF Teachers' Training Institute, Islamabad, with four main objectives: to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of ELTC, to assess the impact of ELTC on the teachers' skills, to find out the attitude of English language teachers and principals of PAF Fazaia schools towards in-service teachers' training, and suggest ways to improve language teachers' training courses in future. For this study, five PAF Fazaia schools, thirty English language teachers, five principals, and three master trainers were taken as samples. The director of the Institute was also included as a part of the study. Three questionnaires were designed: to know the views of English language teachers regarding the course, to find the masters trainers' views about the course and the teachers, and to study views of the principals heading PAF Fazaia schools. An interview was conducted to get the views of the director of the Institution. Three questionnaires and an interview brought the data which was statistically analyzed by using the formulae of Mean, Standard Deviation and Range. It is recommended that: the ELTC duration be increased, the courses be preferably conducted during summer vacations, the number of master trainers at Institute be increased, subject specialist in various fields of ELT be appointed, a language laboratory be established, the library be updated by including new books on ELT and providing the internet facility, a greater number of classes in phonetics and phonology be included in the time table, to obtain feedback from the principals of PAF Fazaia schools about the performance of trained teachers, some mechanism for the purpose be developed, for further research, greater number of institutions, students, teachers, master trainers be increased, and it is suggested that instead of questionnaire technique, classroom observation technique be used in future studies.
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