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ریاض حسین چودھری ایک نعت گو شاعر

ریاضؔ حسین چودھری ۔ ایک نعت گو شاعر

    ریاضؔ حسین چودھری( ۱۹۴۱ء۔۲۰۱۷)کا اصل نام محمد ریاض حسین ہے۔ آپ محلہ خراساں مسلم بازار سیالکوٹ میں پیدا ہوئے ۔گورنمنٹ مرے کالج سے بی۔ا ے کیا۔ایل ایل بی اور ایم۔ اے اردو پنجاب یونیورسٹی سے کیا۔ آپ چھٹی کے طالب علم تھے جب آپ نے شعر و شاعری کا آغاز کیا۔(۱)شاعری میں ابتدائی رہنمائی آسی ضیائی رامپوری سے لی۔ آپ نے آغا صادق کے سامنے بھی زانوئے تلمذ طے کیے۔ ۱۹۵۹ء میں آپ نے بچوں کے لیے ایک نظم لکھی جو ماہنامہ ’’پھلواری‘‘ میں شائع ہوئی۔ ابتدا میں آپ نے نظم اور غزل میں شاعری کی لیکن نعتیہ شاعری ان کی پہچان ہے۔ ان کی پہلی نعت، ہفت روزہ ’’قندیل‘‘ لاہور میں شائع ہوئی۔ سید آفتاب احمد نقوی کی ترغیب پر ریاض حسین چودھری کا رجحان نعت کی طرف بڑھا پھر ایک وقت ایسا آیا کہ آپ نے اپنے آپ کو صرف نعت کے لیے وقف کر دیا ۔ بہترین نعت گو شاعر ہونے کی وجہ سے ۲۰۰۰ء میں آپ کو صدارتی ایوارڈ سے بھی نوازا گیا۔(۲)
    ریاضؔ حسین چودھری کا پہلا شعری مجموعہ ’’خونِ رگِ جاں‘‘ ہے۔ جو ملی نظموں پر مشتمل ہے۔ جو ۱۹۷۰ء میں شائع ہوا۔ دوسرا شعری مجموعہ زرِ معتبر ‘‘ نعتوں پر مشتمل ہے۔ یہ پہلی بار ۱۹۹۵ء میں اور دوسری بار۲۰۰۰ء میں شائع ہوا۔ یہ مجموعہ دو سو اٹھاسی صفحات پر مشتمل ہے۔حفیظ تائب نے اس کتاب کی نعتیہ شاعری کا تنقیدی جائزہ لیا ہے۔ ریاض حسین چودھری نے ’’تحدیث نعمت‘‘ کے عنوان سے اس کتاب پر تعارفی مضمون لکھا ہے۔ اس مجموعے کا فلیپ احمد ندیم قاسمی نے لکھا ہے۔ جس میں زرِ معتبر کی نعتیہ شاعری پر تبصرہ کیا گیا ہے۔ تیسرا شعری مجموعہ ’’رزقِ ثنا‘‘ہے جو پہلی بار ۱۹۹۹ء میں شائع ہوا۔ اور دوسری بار ۲۰۰۰ء میں شائع...

The Impact of Petrissage on Functional Measures of High-Heeled Shoe Wearers

BackgroundMany women enjoy wearing high heels despite knowing they can harm their feet. Many uncomfortable conditions can originate from wearing this shoe, leading to biomechanical changes in ankle joints. Hence, the study is aimed to identify the effects of massage therapy in improving muscular flexibility among women wearing high heels. MethodologyForty female participants with chronic heel pain were included in the single-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Participants were divided into Group-A (Stretching and deep heat) and Group-B (petrissage and deep heat). The treatment was performed for 4 weeks, 3 sessions/week in both groups. Foot function index and ankle dorsiflexion were recorded at baseline and after 4-weeks of intervention. ResultsForty female participants with a mean age of 28.23±6.24 were recruited. Both groups showed significant improvement in all three variables, i.e. Pain, disability, and ankle dorsiflexion. However, Group-B showed more significant results with mean differences of 1.80±2.22 and 4.1±6.7 (p<0.05) for pain and disability, respectively. A similar result was observed for ankle dorsiflexion in which a mean difference of 0.95±1.08 in the left and 1.25±1.12 in the right ankle was observed. ConclusionBoth treatment programs are highly effective in reducing pain, reducing disability, and improving ankle joint ROM. However, petrissage massage and deep heating were superior to superficial heat with static stretching for females with chronic heel pain.   DOI: https: //doi. Org/10.59564/amrj/01.01/006

Exploring the Perceptions of Secondary Schools Science Teachers About Nature of Science

Science teachers' perceptions and understanding of Nature of Science (NOS) is central to scientific literacy worldwide. This qualitative case study aimed to explore the perceptions of nine secondary school science teachers about NOS from six private schools of Gilgit. The three important tenets of NOS relevant to school science were, science being tentative in nature, empirical nature of science and scientific laws and theories. The schools and participants; three teachers from each discipline; chemistry, biology and physics were chosen through purposive sampling. Data was collected via two tools which were written in English and Urdu. The research tool, Views of Nature of Science (VoNOS) had six open-ended questions to be answered in written, while Nature of Science Research Protocol (NOSRP) was a semi-structured interview tool with four critical incidents to elicit verbal responses which were audio-taped with their consent. The data was thematically analyzed after transcription, verbatim, translation from Urdu to English and coding.Their responses were categorized into the three predominant themes as informed, adequate and inadequate by using a rubric adapted from Khan (2014). The results were noteworthy; it was revealed that despite not having read explicitly about NOS participants' held informed perceptions about science being tentative and empirical NOS. They believe that science is not fixed rather it is an on-going process, based on observation, experimentation and inferences. However, majority had adequate perceptions about laws and theories. They believed that that theories and laws are different but sometimes theories can convert into laws when proven right. Hence, this study recommends that the stake holders need to revisit the content of textbooks for updated knowledge about laws and theories and add many examples regarding it. The findings of this study can help science teachers, educators and researchers to understand the three aspects of NOS and become aware of the misconceptions about them.
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