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انجمن پنجاب

تعارف:
اس انجمن کا پورا نام "انجمن اشاعت مطالب مفیدہ پنجاب" ہے یہ انجمن لاہور میں جنوری 1865 میں قائم ہوئی۔ محمدحسین آزاد اور ڈاکٹر لائٹنر نے کوششیں کی۔محمد حسین آزاد نے اپنے کچھ جدید اور اہم نظریات کو عملی صورت دینے کے لئے اس انجمن کو استعمال کیا اور اس سے لوگوں میں ایک فعال ادبی تحریک پیدا کی۔
انجمن پنجاب کے مقاصد:
انجمن پنجاب کے درجہ ذیل مقاصد تھے:
1 :قدیم مشرقی علوم کا احیائ۔
2 : صعنت و تجارت کا فروغ ۔
3: کے لوگوں میں دیسی زبان کے ذریعے علوم مفیدہ کی اشاعت کرنا ۔
4: علمی و ادبی ،معاشرتی اور سیاسی مسائل پر بحث کرنا۔
5:صوبے کے بارسوخ اہل علم طبقات اور افسران حکومت میں رابطہ قائم کرنا۔
6: پنجاب اور ہندوستان کے دوسرے فرقوں کے ساتھ روابط اور تعلقات کی مضبوطی۔
ادبی خدمات
محمد حسین آزاد اس انجمن کے روح رواں تھے اس انجمن سے پہلے مشاعرے کی روایت موجود تھی لیکن وہ روایت طرحی غزلوں کی تھی اس انجمن نے نئی طرح کے مشاعرے شروع کئے یعنی مختلف موضوعات پر نظمیں کہی جاتی تھیں ہر مشاعرے میں ایک موضوع دے دیا جاتا تھا جس پر مختلف شعراء لکھ کر لے آتے تھے اس لحاظ سے اس انجمن نے مشاعروں کی طرز میں ایک نیا رجحان پیدا کیا ان مشاعروں میں نظمیں پڑھی جاتی تھیں اس لیے ان کو مناظموں کا نام دیا گیا۔
موضوعی نظم لکھنے کا رجحان:
موضوعی نظم لکھنے کا اولین تجربہ آزاد نے نہیں کیا بلکہ اس سے پہلے زمانہ قدیم میں اس کی روایت موجود تھی مثلا سلطان محمد قلی قطب شاہ کی کلیات میں نظمیں ہیں اس کے علاوہ دکنی دور میں مثنویاں بھی لکھی گئیں۔جو نظم ہی کا ایک حصہ ہیں اس کے علاوہ نظیر اکبر آبادی نظم روایت میں بہت بڑے شاعر ہیں۔ان...

Awareness about Workplace Harassment among Female Nursing Students and Nursing Staff of a Teaching Hospital in Lahore

Background: Harassment of working women is a common social and human rights problem and healthcare settings are no exception. This unacceptable situation has many avoidable determinants that need preventive measures to ensure, safe and secure working environment for nurses. Objectives: To assess the knowledge and understanding among female nursing students and nursing staff about workplace harassment in a tertiary healthcare facility. Methods: It was a cross-sectional study conducted at Tertiary care hospital Lahore from July to September 2018. Convenient sampling technique was used to collect data. Verbal informed consent of voluntary participants was taken. Anonymity and confidentiality was assured. SPSS version 21 was used for data analysis. The participants (n=80) comprised of senior female nurses students (62.5%) and senior nursing staff (37.5%), aged 18 to 46 years. Results: Awareness about common harassment forms was adequate (81.3%). Adverse effects included mental health problems (83.8%) and low self-esteem (72.5%). A large percentage of nurses (62.5%) intended to report such personal incident to institutional head and 72.5% were willing to accompany victims for such reporting. 77.5% desired arranging informative sessions and holding counseling for victims (78.8%) at workplace. Only 22.5% had vague idea about official protective legal frameworks. Conclusions: Workplace harassment of female workers is quite prevalent but under-reported phenomena in Pakistan. All organizations and institutions must have a harassment policy to protect the females.  

Gardening Assistant.

This project involves the design and construction of an autonomous robot engineered to complete some basic maintenance tasks of a regular lawn. The primary aim of the task is to design and construct such a device, which if it functions accordingly, makes lawn maintenance easier and more efficient, while at the same time help save the gardeners from the scorching summer heat. Initially, individual subsystems of the device were designed and tested separately which included; blade design for grass trimming, water tank and valve for watering, encoder motors and microcontrollers for car motion and sensors for obstacle avoidance and autonomous navigation through the lawn. Thorough research on each subsystem has been conducted by the team. The team had to improvise, at times, to alternate solutions during the implementation phase in order to achieve more accurate and efficient results. Following development and research, some components have been assembled and tested, both, individually and in combination with other components. Early prototypes of these subsystems included the use of single microcontroller to control the four motors, and a magnetometer to navigate on a straight path. After testing of prototypes, the device has been modified to improve efficiency and overall functionality. Some components, including the magnetometer, have been removed and encoders of the motors are being read instead, to compute distance and accurate turning of the vehicle; whereas the single microcontroller has been replaced by five microcontrollers using the master slave methodology. In order to provide the scheduled rebooting and to include a rain detection mechanism, additional components have been added before final testing of the prototype device, such as the inclusion of a real-time clock and a rain-detection sensor. In the construction of the final device, materials have been used to improve stability, strength and waterproofing. A body structure made from a strong water-resistant chemical has been added to the final device to provide a rigid frame for components, while a stable wooden board has been 6 used as the base. Similarly, watering system used in the prototype has been fixed using the same chemical to prevent water leakage. A number of existing components have been arranged on and around this frame, including the ultrasonic sensors and the trimming blade. The device has been tested for four main cases which includes obstacle avoidance, boundary detection, automatic rebooting along with rain sensing and, grass trimming along with watering. The tests conducted on the final device yielded consistent results in terms of functionality and efficiency. Therefore, the performance of the device during future assessments is expected to be successful, provided no damage or unknown alterations occur prior to the assessment
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