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جریبِ حیات

جریب حیات(افسانہ)

ڈاکٹر مجاہد عباس ،لیکچرر، نمل یونیورسٹی اسلام آباد

جریب زمین کے لیے ہے یا حیات کے لیے،  زمین اور حیات دونوں ہی اس سے ناواقف رہتی ہیں۔ البتہ انسان جو زمین سے اگایا جاتا ہے اور پھر زمین میں ہی دبایا جاتا ہے جریبوں کی  پیمائش بن کے رہ جاتا ہے۔

اقصیٰ کےلبوں پر  سَرمیلی بسنت کے پھول کھل رہے تھے۔اُس نے  زمین کی طرف جھکتے ہوئے اپنی زلف ِ دراز کو بائیں کان  کی اوٹ میں سُلا دیا اور زمین پر گرے کاغذ کو ہتھیلی پر رکھ کر دل میں اُتار لیا۔ اُسے اپنے پیلے لباس  کی مہک  وصل  کی چاندنی رات کا قصہ ِ ناتمام سنارہی تھی مگر وہ مسلسل سوچوں کی جریب سے پرائے موریے اور بورنیو کے جنگلات کی پیمائش کر رہی تھی۔وہ اُن جنگلات کے سحر انگیز مناظر میں یوں کھوئے جا رہی تھی  جیسے دین و دنیا کی متاع ِ بے پایاں اُسے نصیب ہو گئی ہو۔وہ ایک ایک پودے کے ایک ایک پتے کے ایک ایک  ملائم اور تیزکنارے کو چھو کر  اس کی خوشبو اور لطافت کو  جذب کر رہی تھی۔ وہ  خود کو  پرسکون سبز سمندر کی کشتی  سمجھ کر ہوا کے رخ پر دھیرے دھیرے رواں دواں تھی۔ ابھی اُس نے اپنی کمر سیدھی نہیں کی تھی کہ اسےگلی سے گزرتی ہوئی لاری کی آواز سنائی دی جس پر اے کلاس چنیوٹی فرنیچر  سلیقے سے لادا گیا تھا۔

 اس  نے ٹیَلوں لگے فرش سے پلاسٹک کی میز اور کرسیاں اٹھا کر گھر کی پچھلی طرف لان میں رکھ دیں جہاں پھولوں کے احاطے میں سبزے کی بہار تھی۔  یہ لان اس کی زندگی میں افضال کی طرح  اہمیت رکھتا تھا۔ وہ جب بھی تھک جاتی تو وہاں آرام کرتی تھی، پودوں...

Analisis Strategi Pemasaran Marketing Mix untuk Meningkatkan Penjualan Pada D’Besto Fried Chicken Pekanbaru

Marketing strategy is an effort to market a product, both in the form of goods and services, using certain plans and tactics to increase sales volume. One of the business development strategies is the implementation of a marketing mix strategy. Marketing is one of the most important factors in the continuity of a business, so it is very important for business people to pay attention to the marketing mix in their business. The purpose of this study was to determine how D'besto Fried Chicken Pekanbaru applies sales promotion. The data analysis technique used is market mix analysis. The marketing mix variables studied were product, price, place and promotion. The results of this study indicate that consumer decisions in purchasing D'besto Fried Chicken Pekanbaru are strategic location selection and products that are acceptable to the public. The recommendation of this research is that D'besto Fried Chicken Pekanbaru products should be more diverse and innovative in terms of packaging and online marketing and improve brand quality.

Evaluation of Union Commitment As an Outcome of Negative Workplace Events, Using the Lens of Affective Event Theory: A Six Time Lags Study

This study examines union commitment as an outcome of negative workplace events. An integrated framework consisting cronyism as an event at workplace was developed using theoretical underpinning of AET. AET describes how events happening at workplace can elicit a ect. The basic postulation of AET lies in characteristics of the work environment which contributes in the occurrence of the event. For that purpose the unique context of public sector organizations in Pakistan was used to study the dynamics of union commitment. The model explains the linkage between internal in uences and reactions to incidents. The internal in uences are the cognitions and emotions involved. The purpose of study was to understand the psychological mechanism of union commitment through discrete cycle of event and emotions. It explores the causes that a ect the formation of union among employees. The data were collected from employees working in public sector organizations throughout Pakistan. These organizations have recognized active employee unions. Data were collected in 6 time lags. Thenal analyses show results of 415 respondents. Results indicate that existence of cronyism triggers employees interest in unionization. The moderating role of narcissism between organizational cronyism and hatred could not be established. Hatred also proved to be a predictor of breach of psychological contract. The role of breach of psychological contract as mediator between hatred and pro-union commitment was also established. Moreover, contrary to the belief union commitment did not prove to be a predictor of union participation. This study developed a deeper understanding of union commitment in relation to discrete negative emotions. It has given an insight into how political intolerance in the form of cronyism in a unionized context of public sector organizations can lead to formation of attitudes and behaviors.The multiple manifestation of cronyistic relationships can alert managers and employees equally, managers should be discouraged to minimize on such foundations.Over all, the development and testing of incorporation of AET into the union commitment framework helped to explain how, and under what circumstances, employees cognitions about cronyism may lead to union commitment through the emotional reaction of negative a ectivity.
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