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تصنیفی وصحافتی زندگی کاآغاز

۱۹۱۸ ء میں وہ بجنور میں اپنے بڑے بھائی ابو الخیر کے پاس چلے گئے۔جہاں انہوں نے صحافت کو بطورپیشہ اپنا لیا۔۱۹۱۹ ء میں جبل پور چلے گئے جہاں انہوں نےکانگرس کے پرچہ ہفت روزہ تاج میں کام شروع کردیا اور ۱۹۲۰ ء تک مدیر کے فرائض انجام دیے۔[[1]]

مولانا کچھ عرصہ تحریک ہجرت میں بھی کام کرتے رہے۔ یہ ۱۹۲۱ ء کا زمانہ تھا کہ مولانا مودودی کا تعارف جمعیت العلمائے ہند کے قائدین مولانا مفتی کفایت اللہ اور مولانا احمد سعید سے ہوگیا۔ وہ مولانا کی صلاحیتوں سے بے حد متاثر ہوئے ۔اور انھیں جمیعت کے اخبار "مسلم" کی ادارت کی ذمہ داریاں سونپ دیں جو انہوں نے ۱۹۲۴ ء تک نبھائیں ۔[[2]]بعد ازاں جب مسلم الجمیعۃ بن گیا تو اس میں مولانا ادار ت کے فرائض انجام دیتے رہے ۔مولانا نے ۱۹۲۵ میں الجمیعۃ کے اداریوں میں "اسلامی قوت کا اصلی سر چشمہ " کے عنوان سے مسلسل مضامین شائع کیے جنھیں شبیر نیاری نے مرتب کیا ۔ ان مضامین کو کتابی شکل میں شائع کیا جس کا نام " اسلام کا سر چشمہ قوت"ہے ۔اس کتاب کے شائع ہونے سے پہلے "الجہاد فی الاسلام " کو ہی مولانا کی پہلی تصنیف خیا ل کیا جاتا ہے ۔[[3]]



[[1]]         ایضا ً۔

[[2]]          عبدالعزیزبلوچ، مفسرین عظام اوران کی تفسیری خصوصیات ، اسلامک پبلی کیشنز، لاہور، ص۱۹۸۔

[[3]]         فقیرمحمد ،اصول تفسیر وتاریخ تفسیر ،ترجمان القرآن، لاہور،۲۰۰۰ء، ص۱۳۳

Sindh under the Mughals: Some Glimpses from Tarikh-i-Masumi and Mazhar-iShahjahani

The Mughal period (1592-1737 CE) rightly claims to produce an abundant amount of literature on history and culture of Sindh. This article aims to highlight impacts of Mughal rule on politics, administration and society of Sindh. There were a number of official writers emerged, who endeavored for drawing a plausibly adequate picture of the Mughal administration. Their narrations have been qualified by the quality and expanse of available information. Studies of the Mughal administration in Sindh are, for the most part, relied upon notable works significantly include some indigenous historical sources. This article fundamentally based upon the two such masterpieces titled Tarikh-i-Sindh alias Tarikh-i-Masumi (c. 1593 CE) and the Mazhar-iShahjahani (c. 1634 CE). Both of these compilations offer an overview of the dynamics of the Mughal politics concerning different administrative units and offices. Besides the political history, some new aspects in terms of socioeconomic conditions are also evident on the basis of the first hand record. I anticipate that this endeavor would reveal some extent the true perception about the politics and society in Sindh under the Mughals.

Genomic Variation in Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 3A and its Relation to Interferon Sensitivity

Hepatitis C infection has become a leading cause of chronic liver disease and a globally growing public health concern these days. It has infected about 150 million individuals worldwide including ten millions in Pakistan. The standard protocol to treat the Hepatitis C patient is based on the confirmation of the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA in the patient’s blood, determination of viral load and its specific genotype. This information helps to decide the nature and duration of therapy. Before treating the Hepatitis C patients, an in-house HCV RNA qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for the detection of HCV on molecular level was established. To investigate the specific genotype of HCV in the patient, a multiplex HCV genotyping assay was also established. HCV RNA was detected in 4981 (75.81%) out of 6570 cases which were reactive for Anti-HCV antibody test by ELISA method. 4528(90.90%) of the HCV RNA positive patients had single genotype, 201(4.04%) had more than one genotypes whereas in 252(5.06%) HCV remained non-classifiable. Although genotype 3 was the most frequent type in the present study (68.10%). However, a downward trend was observed in the prevalence of genotype 3 in last five years (2007-2012). On the contrary, the prevalence of genotype 1 and 4 was observed to be rising during that period. Transmission of HCV was strongly associated with the use of un- sterilized razors in barber shops as well as in those who underwent procedures in general or dental surgery. The low titer of HCV RNA at the start of therapy, more than two log drop of viral load at week-4 and undetectable HCV RNA in the middle of therapy were associated with the response of HCV infected patients treated with Interferon alpha 2b plus Ribavirin (IFNα- 2b+RBV). So, the findings of present study suggest that the viral load measurement at different time points during the therapy could be used in clinical practice to decide the treatment continuation or termination at early stages. The response to treatment (IFNα-2b+RBV) was also observed to be inversely related to the age of the patient. Younger age was associated with a better response and old age with treatment failure. The ratio of ETR was marginally higher in males (76.14%) than females (72.77%). Sustained response was observed to be high in genotype 3. The treatment response was also highly associated with amino acid sequence variation in both the selected regions of E2 protein from HCV subtype 3a (E2 506-564 and E2 622-714 ).
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