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Muhammad - The Recipient of The Qur’an

Muhammad -
The Recipient of The Qur’an

Muhammad was the only child of his parents – Sayyed ‘Abd-Allah bin ‘Abd Al-Muttalib Al- Hashemi and Sayyedah Aminah bint Wahb Al-Zuhriyya. He was born in Makkah, a commercial metropolis and a pilgrims’ hub in the Arabian Peninsula. His father passed away before his birth, and the mother when he was six. A shepherd in early life and a successful merchant in adulthood, he married Sayyedah Khadijah bint Khuwaylid at the age of 25. The happy couple became the parents of two sons and four daughters.

Muhammad ibn Abd-Allah was reputed to be a friendly and trustworthy gentleman with an impeccable character. He was admired for his generosity as well as his wisdom. The mutually hostile factions often called upon him to act as an arbiter. At home, he was known for his caring and helpful attitudes.

As he was attaining maturity, he was getting deeply disturbed by the social and moral environment around him. He found the idolatry and fetishism unholy and social injustices distressing. He increasingly began to search for a response to his own agony at the injustice and chaos around him by resorting to meditation and seclusion. He would go away from home for several days in a row and stay in a small cave on Mount al-Noor, it is a cave hiding in shyness and seclusion with a difficult access, named Hira.

One midnight, during the last week of the month of Ramadan that the Cave lightened up. It witnessed the presence of rows over rows of angels led by the Arch Angel, Gabriel. Muhammad got bewildered. It brought him awe, fear and foreboding. It was an experience unique of its kind; unique...

Faculty Perspective on the Challenges Faced During Implementation of Integrated Curriculum

Background: Curriculum is a dynamic thing that has evolved over the years to ensure the competency of health care professionals. Due to guidelines issued by international accrediting agencies, University College of Medicine & Dentistry implemented an integrated modular curriculum in 2015 that is coordinated and coherent.  Objectives: The objective of this study was to explore the difficulties that the faculty faced while implementing an integrated curriculum for the undergraduate dental program (BDS) at the University College of Dentistry, The University of Lahore.   Methods: This descriptive exploratory study was conducted from September 2020 till January 2021 at University College of Dentistry, The University of Lahore. Thirty-five faculty members were interviewed. The interviews were analyzed thematically after being transcribed. Results: Six themes emerged from the analysis of interviews. These themes were: working environment, distribution of workload, communication, faculty development and retention, evaluation and leadership. Conclusions: Integrated curriculum may be the need of the hour; however, its implementation comes with a set of challenges, which include a non-conducive working environment, uneven distribution of workload, absence of a sound faculty development and retention program, or absence of adequate resources. These factors may hinder the implementation of the integrated curriculum.

Bank Specific, Industry Specific and Macroeconomic Determinants of Bank Profitability in Pakistan

The relationship between the bank profitability and bank specific, industry specific and macroeconomic factors has important implications for a host of public policy questions. In current study, unbalanced panel data on 51 scheduled banks and 6 DFIs over a period of 2001 to 2013 has been used to provide novel estimates of bank profits and it influential factors. The empirical strategy exploits the relationship between the current profits with previous year profits to identify the dynamic characteristics of the model of bank profitability in addition to the bank specific, industry specific and macroeconomic estimates. The continuity in bank profits in Pakistan allows the current study to model the lagged profitability as determinants of bank profitability. Further this study modeled the structure-conduct-performance hypothesis (SCP); it reflects the setting of prices that are less favorable to consumers (lower deposit rates, higher loan rates) in more concentrated markets as a result of competitive imperfections in these markets and lead supernormal profits. A related theory is also modeled by the current study, the relative-market-power hypothesis (RMP), which asserts that only firms with large market shares and well differentiated products are able to exercise market power in pricing these products and earn supernormal profits. The results for current study has been obtained by us two-step generalized method of moments (GMM) technique, it deals well with the dynamic panel data sets. The results for the current study are significant and supported by the previous literature. In bank specific characteristics, lagged bank profitability, capital ratio and size found to have positive relationship with bank profits while management inefficiency and credit risk variable found to have negative and significant relationship with bank profits. In industry specific variables concentration ratio found positively associated with bank profitability. In macroeconomic factors like inflation, GDP growth rate and market capitalization have positive while money supply growth rate found to have negative effects on bank profits.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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