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۳۴۔ تسلی

تسلی

اس نے ایک دن کہا تھا

’’میں خود ہی کال کروں گا‘‘

ہم نے اس دن سے موبائل سائیلنٹ پر نہیں لگایا

اس کے نمبر پر ہر روز نام بدلتے رہے

ہم نے دل کو کیسے کیسے نہ سمجھایا

پر اس پیماں شکن کا فون نہ آیا

اسلامی ریاست میں قیادت کے راہنما اصول اسلامی تعلیمات کی روشنی میں

Islamic state is responsible to provide the means of protection for its inhabitants. It is the religious and spiritual duty of Islamic state to protect the Islamic culture and civilization as well so that the Muslims could perform their religious and social duties freely. Likewise, an Islamic state is supposed to ensure justice into the society. It indicates that establishing an Islamic state is core responsibility of Muslims so that they could practice their religion in free atmosphere and religious leadership. In this connection, the purpose of this research paper was to explore the principles of leadership in an Islamic state. The qualitative and descriptive research methodology was employed for the collection and analysis of data. The review of literature revealed that Muslim scholars have given particular emphasized on establishing the Islamic state. Moreover the jurists have counted the essential qualities in Islamic leadership. In this context, this article has dealt with the ideal principles which are necessary for the Islamic leadership. These principles are extracted from Qur’ān, Sunnat and. (صلى الله عليه وسلم) Prophet Holy of life

Some New Families of Continuous Distributions Generated from Burr Xii Logit

This thesis is based on six chapters. In these chapters five new families of distributions are introduced by using the Burr XII distribution. In Chapter 1, a brief introduction of the existing families of distribution, the objectives and organization of this thesis are presented. In Chapter 2, Generalized Burr G family of distributions is proposed by using the function of cdf − log[1 − G(x)]. In Chapter 3, Marshall-Olkin Burr G family of distributions is introduced by using odd Burr G family of distributions used as generator proposed by Alizadeh et al. (2017). In chapter 4, odd Burr G Poisson family of distribution is introduced by compounding odd Burr G family with zero truncated Poisson distribution. In Chapter 5, a new generalized Burr distribution based on the quantile function following the method given by Aljarrah et al. (2014). In Chapter 6, Kumaraswamy odd Burr G family of distributions is introduced using odd Burr G family as a generator. The mathematical properties of these families are obtained, such as asymptotes and shapes, infinite mixture representation of the densities of the families, rth moment, sth incomplete moment, moment generating function, mean deviations, reliability and stochastic ordering, two entropies, Renyi and Shannon entropies. The explicit expression of distribution ith order statistic is also obtained in terms of linear combination of baseline densities and probability weighted moments. Model parameters are estimated by using the maximum likelihood (ML) method for complete and censored samples. Special models are given for each family, their plots of density and hazard rate functions are displayed. One special model for each family is investigated in detail. Simulation studies are also carried out to assess the validity of ML estimates of the model discussed in detail. Application on real life data is done to check the performance of the proposed families.
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