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ڈاکٹرخلیل الرحمن اعظمی

یادِ خلیل
مرزا غالب مرحوم نے عارف کی موت پر کہا تھا:
ہاں اے فلک پیر جواں تھا ابھی عارف
کیا تیرا بگڑتا جو نہ مرتا کوئی دن اور
ڈاکٹر خلیل الرحمن اعظمی مرحوم کی خبر وفات سن بے ساختہ یہ شعرزبان پر آگیا، ابھی شاید وہ پچاس کے ہوں، بھلا یہ مرنے کے دن تھے، لیکن تقدیر کے راز کون سمجھ سکتا ہے، انّ اجل اﷲ اذا جاء لا یوخّر[نوح: ۴]۔
وہ بہت ہو نہار، لائق اور ذی استعداد تھے، اپنی صلاحیت سے انھوں نے اس کم سنی ہی میں اردو کے مشہور نقادوں، ممتاز ادیبوں اور اہم شاعروں کی صف میں اپنی جگہ بنالی تھی، ان کا نام ادبی حلقوں میں عزت سے لیا جاتا تھا اور ان کے خیالات کا وزن محسوس کیا جاتا تھا۔
وہ اعظم گڑھ کے مردم خیز خطہ سے تعلق رکھتے تھے، سرائے میر کے قریب ایک گاؤں سیدھا سلطان پور کے رہنے والے تھے، ان کے والد محترم مولانا محمد شفیع صاحب مرحوم بڑے نیک نفس اور مقدس بزرگ تھے، مدرستہ الا صلاح سرائے میر کا قیام انھیں کی جدوجہد کا نتیجہ ہے، جس کے نظم ونسق کی ذمہ داری ترجمان القران مولانا حمیدالدین فراہی نے بعد میں علامہ شبلی مرحوم کے ایماء سے قبول کرکے اس کو بڑی شہرت و ترقی دی تھی، مولانا محمد شفیع مرحوم کے پانچ صاحبزادوں میں خلیل صاحب سب سے چھوٹے مگر اپنی صلاحیتوں کے اعتبار سے سب میں ممتاز تھے، انھوں نے شبلی نیشنل اسکول سے میٹرک پاس کرنے کے بعد علی گڑھ مسلم یو نیو رسٹی میں داخلہ لیا، تعلیم مکمل کر چکے تو وہیں شعبۂ اردو میں لکچرر ہوگئے، بعد میں ترقی کرکے ریڈر ہوئے، وہ اپنے استادوں میں پروفیسر رشید احمد صدیقی مرحوم کی عقیدت کا دم بھرتے تھے، وہ ان کے ادب و انشا کے بڑے مداح اور...

مولانا غلام اللہ خان کی تفسیر جواہر القرآن: منہج اور خصوصیات

Maulana Ghulamullah khan is considered one of the best commentators of the Quran from  Punjab. Ghulamullah Khan was born in 1905 in Chaj Darya, Attock district of Punjab. He got his Quranic education from Maulana Rashid Ahmad Gangohi, who was a disciple of Maulana Hussain, a well-known and a leading commentator of the Quran. He studied hadith  from Hussain Ahmad Madni, Maulana Shabir Ahmad Usmani and Anwar Shah Kashmeri. This tafseer consists of fifteen hundred pages. It has a long preface and covred up in three volumes over all. Maulana Hussain Ali named him a true successor of the Quranic studies and acknowledged that he had done this duty well. Among his works, TAFSEER JAWAHIR -UL- QURAN, has its own uniqueness and usefulness. Millions of copies have been published of this Tafsier. This tafseer is a compilation of rabat bain surulayat (connection between sura and ayat) of  Maulana Hussain Ali by Ghulamullah khan and has been revised by Maulana Said Ahmad Hussain Sajad Bukhari.  He is termed as Shaikh ul Quran and was called so by Maulana Hussain Ali.I have hinted at different sources for my article so that readers may expand their knowledge about the Quran and Tafseer. This article is about JAWAHIR -UL- QURAN and it will throw light on its features.

Effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria and Rock Phosphate Enriched Compost on Growth, Yield and P Nutrition of Cereals

Relatively poor bioavailability of P in soil from the applied expensive phosphatic fertilizers due to fixation/precipitation is considered one of the most critical factors in limiting optimum crop yields. Thus use of cheap P sources and enhancing P bioavailability is considered viable approach/ strategy and is direly needed under the current prevailing situation for sustainable crop production. Rock phosphate (RP) is a cheap source of P but cannot be used directly as a soil amendment because of its extremely poor water solubility (0.1%). However, the bioavailability of RP-P can be enhanced by complexing it with compost and/ or through the use of specific bioinoculants. A series of studies were conducted to determine the effectiveness of various approaches to solubilize RP-P and the impact of bioavailable RP-P on growth and yield of wheat and maize under wire house and field conditions was assessed. Two soil incubation studies were conducted for 15 weeks to determine the potential of solubilization of RP. In first study soil was spiked with RP, RP + P-solubilizing bacteria (PSB), while in second study soil was amended either with RP, RP + compost, RP- enriched compost (RP-EC) and RP-EC + PSB to determine the release of bioavailable P from RP. Results of first incubation study revealed that RP + PSB, while in second study, RP-EC + PSB resulted in maximum release of plant available P in soil. In both the studies, addition of RP alone did not provide plant available P in soil. The results of these incubation studies were further investigated for their validity by conducting a series of pot and field trials on wheat and maize. Firstly, the efficacy of PSB and ACC-deaminase PGPR in solubilizing RP-P and uptake of P on wheat was investigated. The results verified the findings of incubation trial as bioinoculants (PSB or PSB + ACC-deaminase PGPR) plus RP significantly improved growth contributing parameters of wheat in comparison to RP alone. The results of growth parameters of wheat recorded in case of RP plus PSB + ACC deaminase PGPR were almost comparable to NPK control. Similarly RP-EC substitutions of 25% or 50% of the P requirements of the crop in the presence or absence of bioinoculants were also investigated for their impact on growth of test crops compared to NPK control. Results recorded that without inoculation, 25% replacement of P dose by RP-EC proved better than NPK control while substitution by 50% of P dose with RP-EC was relatively less effective than NPK control. However inoculation with PSB or PSB + ACC-deaminase PGPR proved effective under all the fertilizer treatments with different degree of efficacy. Application of 50% RP-EC with 24dual inoculation of PSB and ACC-deaminase PGPR proved to be the best combination in promoting growth and yield of wheat and maize in both pot and field trials. Similarly P contents as well as P-uptake of grain and straw improved substantially. Other treatments also produced higher yield contributing traits than uninoculated NPK control but with relatively less efficiency. The findings further verified the results of soil incubation studies with respect to their effectiveness of various treatments. It is very likely that both compost and PSB helped in solubilization of insoluble P while ACC-deaminase supported efficient uptake of P by improving root growth. The results of these studies may imply that RP-EC plus seed inoculation with novel PGPR proved to be a viable approach to use low grade RP and organic waste for sustained crop production as well as for promoting healthier environment.
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