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۱۳۔ سنتو رانی

سنتو رانی

بیل گاڑی پہ بیٹھی سنتو،پستان سے اپنے ننھا لٹکائے

کچی سڑک پر دھول جگاتی، بیل گاڑی بھگاتی جائے

گہری سوچ میں ڈوبی

دور آسمانوں میں تکتی

کبھی کبھی درانتی سے سر کو کھجاتی

ہوا کو دکھڑے سناتی

’’رُلدو کا بابا، میرا پریمی

نجانے کس دیس چلا گیا

جہاں سے سندیس بھی نہ آوے

یہ کیسی پرکشا ہے رادھا دیوی!

Bâbâ Farîd’s Hymns in Granth Ṣâhib with Qur’ânic Backdrop: A Review

Bābā Farīd al-Dīn Ganj-i-Shakar, considered as the first Punjābī Sūfī poet, not only exercised his skill but also conveyed Qur’ānic and Prophetic (PBUH) message through his Punjābī poetry. His poetry is a rich source of Islamic teachings in lingua franca of the Punjab. The research intends to explore that whether the inclusion of his poetry in the Sikh scripture is recognition of Muslim mysticism or the poetry itself. The study attempts to examine the relation of the hymns of Bābā Ṣāhib with the teachings of Holy Qur’ān. Bābā Farīd, because of his high stature as an originator of Punjābī poetry, got a place in Granth Ṣāhib. The goal of this research is to highlight the pivotal position of Bābā Ṣāhib in connecting the two major religions of the world. The paper not only substantiates the historic position of Bābā Ṣāhib but also gives an insight to the services rendered by his poetry in promoting the interfaith harmony in the Sub-continent. This article focuses on Bābā Farīd as a literary and moral Canon, which led his work to be included in Sikh scripture. Moreover, it hints at the nuances of religious tolerance, mutual respect and love for knowledge, which lacks otherwise in a multi-religious society. In this article some of Bābā Ṣāhib’s verses in Granth Ṣāhib will be traced and analysed, taking into account their Qur’ānic interpretations. The comparative and somewhat historical approaches have been adopted to lay out a vivid analysis of his hymns in relation with the verses of the Holy Qur’ān and hence a message is extracted. Thus, he, evidently becoming part of one of the greatest anthologies of Punjābī poetry, attracted a huge outreach. The research question of this article is, whether the Holy Qur’ān is a basic source of Bābā Ṣāhib’s poetry or otherwise. It is strongly recommended that in order to attain actual harmony in our society, Bābā Ṣāhib’s work should be published in Shah-Mukhi script for the contemporary readership.

Effectiveness of Polymer Coated Phosphatic Fertilizers for Improving Phosphorus Use Efficiency and Crop Production in Calcareous Soil

Phosphorus (P) unavailability in alkaline and calcareous soils is a severe problem due to high pH and CaCO3. Fixation with Ca+2 is the major cause of low P availability to plant. It was hypothesized that coating of phosphatic fertilizer with organic polymer may cause steady release of P to increase crop yield, and improve P use efficiency in calcareous soils. For the assessment of this theory, number of lab and field experiments were conducted to study P accessibility span in soils treated with polymer coated phosphatic fertilizers. Laboratory experiments were directed to screen out the best polymer concentration (1%) and number of coatings (two layers of polymer) on different sources of phosphatic fertilizers (DAP (di-ammonium phosphate), SSP (single super phosphate), NP (nitrophos) and RP (rock phosphate)). Then these were checked in the presence of different concentrations of CaCO3 in soil. It revealed that with increasing CaCO3 level, the phosphorus fixation also increased. But the fixation was less in case of polymer coated phosphatic fertilizers at different field capacity moisture levels to quantify the available P from different sources of phosphatic fertilizers coated with and without polymer. Results showed that polymer coated phosphatic fertilizers gave better response even at 50% field capacity moisture level because it has capacity to hold water many times of its weight. The best performing polymer concentration and number of coatings on different phosphatic fertilizers were screened and tested on wheat crop in a pot study. Results revealed that coated fertilizer can increase crop yield over uncoated phosphatic fertilizer. To check its effect on yield a field trial using wheat as test crop was conducted according to RCBD (randomized complete block design) with selected polymer coated formulations. Data related to wheat growth and yield parameters indicated that polymer coated phosphatic fertilizers increased grain yield 25-31%, photosynthetic rate 8-25%, P concentration in plant 21-41%, P uptake by plant 27-116%, agronomic efficiency 6-58% and recovery efficiency 8-133% over uncoated phosphatic fertilizers.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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