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ایسا چہرہ جو دیکھتا ہو گا

ایسا چہرہ جو دیکھتا ہو گا
چاند حیرت میں کھو گیا ہو گا

تم کو دیکھا تو دیکھتا ہی رہا
عکس حیران رہ گیا ہو گا

حسن زادی ترے جمال کے بعد
چاند بے چارہ قیس سا ہو گا

تم کہو اور میں ویسی ہو جائوں
ہو گا اک دن یہ معجزہ ہو گا

میں ہوں کردار تم کہانی ہو
حشر اب اس میں رونما ہو گا

مجھ سے ملنے کے، دیکھنے کے، فضاؔ
خواب وہ بھی تو دیکھتا ہو گا

Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase: Function and Responses to Different Stresses in Plants

Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway is the most commonly studied signaling mechanisms, consisting of different groups of protein kinases that participate in regularly connecting interpretation of external stimuli that can change in gene expression or cellular organization within eukaryotic systems. The MAP kinase pathways functions in plants cell signaling (intra- and extra). MAPK cascades follow a response system. MAP kinases are the component of kinase constituents that deliver signals from sensors to responders in eukaryotes including plants. Several pathways are activated under different environmental stresses. Stimulating agents may be biological (biotic) like microbial infections or environmental (abiotic) like temperatures threshold, high salt concentration, drought, heavy metal, Ultra-violet radiation, ozone gases and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The involvement of MAPK signaling pathway in different stresses has been widely studied. In this review we also try to highlight MAPK cascades, its regulation, functions and recent findings in various cellular processes against stress conditions.

Analyzing Business Processes: Proposing and Testing a Model of Employee and Organizational Performance

This study analyzes business processes in public and private sector organizations with respect to key performance variables such as business process orientation, business process innovativeness and business process efficiency. After presenting a theoretical framework, a model is proposed and tested to examine the impact of business processes on employee and organizational performance. Proportionate stratified sampling method is used to collect data from employees of domestic scheduled banks in Pakistan through a structured questionnaire. With a response rate of 19%, a total of 474 completely-filled questionnaires were received, constituting the sample size of this study. This empirical investigation uses factor analysis and structural equation modeling techniques like simple linear regression and partial least squares to test the proposed model. SPSS 15.0 and visual partial least squares (VPLS) 1.04 were used for data analysis. The findings validate the proposed model, with significant direct and indirect correlations observed between business process variables and employee and organizational performance. This study strongly supports a process-based view of business performance. A process approach is of immense importance in Pakistan given that inefficient business processes are the overwhelming norm in businesses over there. Key Words: Business Processes, Business Process Analysis, Business Process Orientation, Business Process Innovativeness, Business Process Efficiency, Employee Performance, Organizational Performance
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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