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شق القمر

انشق القمر
اقتربت الساعۃ وانشق القمر(قیامت قریب آگئی اور چاند پھٹ گیا)
جمہور مفسرین کے نزدیک اس سے مراد وہی انشقاق القمر ہے جو جان دو عالم ﷺ کے عہد میں بطور معجزہ رونما ہوا ۔ بعض مفسرین رائے کے مطابق اس انشقاق سے مراد وہ انشقاق ہے جو قیامت قائم ہونے کے وقت رونما ہو گا کیونکہ آیت کریمہ میں اس سے پہلے قیامت کے قریب ہونے کا ذکر ہے اس لیے ظاہر ہے کہ انشقاق بھی وہی مراد ہو گا جو قرب قیامت کی نشانی ہے ۔ اس رائے پر یہ اعتراض وارد ہوتا ہے کہ قیامت کے نزدیک جو انشقاق ہو گا وہ تو مستقبل میں ہوگا ، اگر وہ مراد ہوتا تو مستقبل پر دلالت کرنے والا کوئی صیغہ لایا جاتا یعنی چاند پھٹ جائے گا ، جبکہ قرآن مجید میں اس انشقاق کا ذکر ماضی کے صیغہ سے کیا گیا ہے یعنی چاند پھٹ گیا ، اس لیے اس سے مراد قرب قیامت والا انشقاق نہیں ہو سکتا ۔ اس کا جواب ان مفسرین نے یہ دیا ہے کہ مستقبل میں جس چیز کا وقوع یقینی ہو ، اس کو اللہ تعالیٰ کبھی کبھی ماضی کے صیغے سے ذکر کر دیتا ہے اور اس سے مقصود یہ بتانا ہو تا ہے کہ اس چیز کا واقع ہونا اتنا متیقن ہے کہ گویا واقع ہو چکی ہے ۔ جس طرح اللہ تعالیٰ قیامت کو ’’ امر اللہ ‘‘ سے تعبیر کرتے ہوئے ارشاد فرماتا ہے اتی امراللہ ط اللہ کا حکم ، یعنی قیامت آ گئی ہے حالانکہ قیامت مستقبل میں آئے گی مگر متیقنا الوقوع ہونے کی وجہ صیغہ ماضی کے ساتھ اس کا ذکر کیا گیا ہے ۔ یہی صورت ۔۔۔ْ چاند پھٹ گیا ۔۔۔ میں بھی ہے ۔ یہ جواب نہایت معقول ہے اور اگر مسئلہ صرف اسی آیت...

IS REGULATORY EMOTION SELF-EFFICACY PLAYING A MEDIATING ROLE? IMPACT OF LIFESTYLE HABITS ON SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING

Background and Aim: The objective of the research is to investigate the impact of lifestyle habits on subjective wellbeing in the presence of role of regulatory emotion self-efficacy as a mediator. Vital for wellbeing, longevity, productivity, relationships, and general quality of life in all areas is a healthy lifestyle. Methodology: A cross-sectional study has been conducted for 271 Students had been selected as respondents. Smart Pls has been used for calculating the reliability, validity of questionnaire and as well as hypothesis testing. Results: Food disorder, healthcare anxiety, regulatory emotional self-efficacy have direct and indirect significant impact on subjective well-being. But sleeping disorder has showed the direct and indirect insignificant impact on subjective well-being. Limitation and Future Implications: Because of time constraints, a lack of comprehension of the research, and a healthy lifestyle people are not aware of health benefits, they had less knowledge about it and were hesitant about a discussion. Originality: The role of regulatory emotion self-efficacy has not been used as a mediator during the relationship of lifestyle habits and subjective well-being. Conclusion: Subjective well-being is defined as gratification and satisfaction with one’s life. Regular physical activity is important in order to enhance the self-efficacy and emotional well-being. Good nutrients and a balanced diet provide a person with enough energy to carry out the tasks of daily life effectively.

Improvement in Production and Storage of Trichogramma Chilonis Ishii , Chrysoperla Carnea Stephens and Their Hosts for Effective Field Releases Against Major Insect Pests of Cotton

Present studies were conducted to improve production and storage extension of Trichogramma chilonis (Ishii), Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) and their hosts for effective field releases against major insect pests of cotton. Different experiments comprised; the rearing of laboratory host, Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier), the impact of radiation on the shelf life extension of its eggs, storage of parasitoid (T. chilonis) and predator (C. carnea) at low temperatures, the searching ability of parasitoid under field conditions, evaluation of the field releases methods for parasitoid and predator and their field adaptations and effectiveness against target pests in the cotton. Development and evaluation of the rearing of S. cerealella on its naturally available cereal foods, like maize, barley, sorghum and wheat revealed that the rearing of S. cerealella was as equally good on sorghum and barley as compared to wheat grains. Whenever, the rearing of healthy and heavy sized adults were required, the rearing on maize showed good results but with reduced fecundity and prolonged life span. The parasitism by T. chilonis on the gamma irradiated eggs of S. cerealella was successfully achieved at the dose of 50 Gy up to 7 days. The cumulative effect of radiation and low temperatures on the storage of host eggs at 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 o C from 5 to 90 days showed non-significant effect as compared to their individual effects. Storage of host, S. cerealella eggs at 6 o C for 5 to 50 days was a comparatively more suitable for both short and long durations, however, host eggs stored at 10, 12, 14 and 16 o C proved good only for short term duration. Storage of the parasitoid, T. chilonis at a temperature of 10 o C, proved to be effective for highest percent emergence, percent parasitism and adult longevity. Among different concentrations of honey as adult food, its 10% solution showed best results for male and female longevity and other biological parameters, however, reduced longevity was observed with increased in concentration of honey solution. The optimum rearing temperature for T. chilonis was found to be 28 o C at which developmental period was optimal; parasitism, adult longevity and emergence of T. chilonis from host eggs were higher as compared to other temperatures. Storage temperature of 8 o C seemed to be optimum for C. carnea eggs for 20 days with minimum xxiidetrimental effects on developing embryo inside the egg. This temperature (10 o C) was almost good for short term (20 days) and long term (40 days) storage durations. Moreover, reproductive parameters of C. carnea adults remained good up to 90 days storage of eggs at this temperature. The impact of different rearing temperatures on the developmental and reproductive parameters of C. carnea proved best at 25 o C. Host eggs of Plodia interpunctella and S. cerealella showed no differences upon the quality of developmental traits of T. chilonis and C. carnea, and both hosts showed comparable results for rearing. Evaluation of the field releases of parasitoid T. chilonis, through different methods inferred that micro-cages not only increased the releases and parasitism but also protected the parasitoids from unfavorable environmental conditions. Evaluation of C. carnea releases in the field showed that the releases of larvae were having more survival as compared to the releases in egg form. Therefore, it is suggested that predator should be released in the larval form to get more consistent field results. Parasitism by T. chilonis on host eggs at different distances under the field conditions revealed that the searching ability and parasitism were gradually decreased as the distance increased from the place of release. Survival of T. chilonis and C. carnea under field conditions varied according to the prevailing environment of the field. Comparative evaluation of the bio-control agents (T. chilonis and C. carnea) in management of Helicoverpa armigera, Earias vittella, Bemisia tabaci, Thrips tabaci and Aphis gossypii in cotton under natural field conditions during the years 2007 and 2008 exhibited that integration of bio-control agents, enhanced the suppression of these pests as compared to the untreated control.
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Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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