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حقوقِ انسانی کا اسلامی تصور

حقوق انسانی کا اسلامی تصور
ہر مذہب میں حقوقِ انسانی پر اپنے اپنے طریقہ کار کے تحت زور دیا گیا ہے، دنیا کے تمام مذاہب کسی نہ کسی طور پر حقوق انسانی کا پرچار کرتے ہیں ،حقوقِ انسانی کو اسلام میں جو اہمیت دی گئی ہے اس کا کوئی تصور اس سے قبل کسی شریعت یا معاشرے میں نہ تھا۔ اسلامی شریعت اس کی تلخیص کچھ یوں پیش کرتی ہے ’’ در دل کے واسطے پیدا کیا انسان کو‘‘ اگر کوئی محتاج ہو تو اس کی احتیاج دور کرنا ، اگر کوئی بیمار ہے تو اس کی عیادت کرنا، بیواؤں کی سر پرستی ،یتیموں کی پرورش، مجبورو معذور افراد کی دستگیری ، ان پڑھ لوگوں کی تعلیم کا انتظام ایسے ہمہ قسم انتظامات اور معاملات اسلامی شریعت میں بہترین عبادت کا درجہ رکھتے ہیں۔ اسلامی شریعت میں یہ تاکید ہے کہ کوئی ہمسایہ بھوکا نہ ر ہے، اگر خود پیٹ بھر کر کھا لیا اور پڑوسی بھوکا رہ گیا تویہ کھا نا ناجائز ہوگا۔
انسان کے حقوق کی ادائیگی اور ہر لحاظ سے انسانوں کا احترام کرنا اور ان کی عزت کا خیال رکھنا، اسلامی تعلیمات اس سے معمور ہیں۔ جو انسان حقوق العباد کی ادائیگی کے منصب رفیعہ پر متمکّن ہوتے ہیں وہ آسمانِ عظمت و رفعت پر آفتاب نصف النہار کی طرح چمکتے ہیں۔ یہ وہ انسان ہوتے ہیں کہ جو اپنے آرام و آسائش کو چھوڑتے ہیں اور بہ کمال ایثار دوسروں کے کام آتے ہیں۔ ایسے ایثار اور محب انسان و انسانیت لوگوں کو اسلام ِارفع مقام عطا فرماتا ہے اور ان کی رفعت وعظمت کا ذمہ دار ہوتا ہے۔ اگر ہم کو اپنے ماحول اور اپنے معاشرے میں غربت و جہالت ملتی ہے اور معاشرے میں ہم دیکھتے ہیں کہ ضرورت مند اور یتیم ومحتا ج موجود ہیں، اگر ہماری نگاہیں بداخلاقیوں...

اسلامی ریاست میں سیاسی انتظامیہ کا تصور احتساب اسلامی تعلیمات کی روشنی میں

This research presents an overview of the principle of accountability of the executive in an Islamic state. The existence and survival of any state is not sustainable without process of accountability as per the law of the land and the provision of the constitution. The elite class was exempted from any sort of accountability and treated above the law in pre-Islamic period whereas man in the street was dealt with strict compliance of rules and regulations. This paper has provided strong evidence from the perspective of historical research that the executive in the Islamic state has not been exempted from the process of transparent of accountability. Moreover, this article also builds up strong argument in light of Quran and Sunnah as well as line of action adopted by orthodox caliphs. It also highlights various incidents of accountability and legal precedence that occurred during Khilafat e Rashda and post era as well.

Effectiveness of Associate Degree in Education Program Offered by Teacher Training Institutions in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Federally Administered Tribal Areas

The study focused on assessing the effectiveness of Associate Degree in Education Program offered by Teacher Training Institutions in Khyber PakhtunKhwa (KP) and Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). The study was designed to meet the following objectives; (i) to examine the perceptions of stakeholders (Principals, Instructors, Prospective Teachers and Alumni students) regarding effectiveness of ADE program. (ii) To find out the perceptions of stakeholders regarding effectiveness of ADE Program across the different demographic Variables (Gender and Region). (iii) To identify the Strengths and Weakness of ADE Program. To meet those objectives, three research questions were drawn from literature which is given below; (i) Is ADE Program effective as perceived by the stakeholders? (iii) Is there any significant difference among the perceptions of Principals, Teachers, Prospective Teachers and Alumni Students regarding the effectiveness of ADE program across gender and region?(iii)What are the strength and Weakness of ADE Program?. The Study was mixed method in nature. For this purpose, the study utilize the Sequential design through which firstly, the quantitative data and secondly, the qualitative data were gathered and then mixed both data to address the stated research questions. A sample of 14 Principals, 97 Teachers, 191 Prospective teachers and 320 alumni students were selected from KP whereas 04 Principals, 28 Teachers, 86 Prospective teachers and 92 Alumni students selected from FATA for the study. The overall sample comprised of eight Hundred and thirty two (832) individuals. Sixteen participants (8 from KP and 8 from FATA) were selected for interview from both regions. A cluster sampling technique was used to select the sample. The data were collected through questionnaire, Checklist and interview. The validity and the reliability of the research instruments were observed through pilot testing. Validity of qualitative data is confirmed through triangulation, credibility and free from personal biases. The reliability score of the questionnaire was .913. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentage) and inferential statistic (One Sample and Independent Sample t-test and ANOVA). The Qualitative data were analyzed from the extract and narrative of the stakeholders by breaking it into common codes and themes. The major findings of the study revealed that overall ADE program is an effective as perceived by the stakeholders. The stakeholders show satisfaction regarding program duration. ADE program enhance the content and professional knowledge of student teachers. The stakeholders satisfied with all components (Admission criteria, duration, facilities, Curriculum, assessment procedures, teaching methods and practicum) of ADE program. There is no coordination between the universities and training institutions. There are no research activities in the teacher training institutions at elementary level. Institutions were failed to arranged triad meetings and seminars regarding Practicum. The major recommendations suggested from the findings are (i) University properly coordinates meeting with the RITEs and GCETs. University developed communication structure (meetings and seminars) with institutions. (ii) Reasonable budget may be allocated by Government in every fiscal year to support and strengthen the teacher training institutions. (iii) Institutions should arrange triad meetings and seminars regarding practicum in which prospective teachers present their problems faced in practicum.
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Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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