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عائلی زندگی

عائلی زندگی

                ناطق کی شادی 2010 میں ہوئی۔ان کی زوجہ پاک آرمی میں ڈاکٹر تھیں ۔ان کی شادی تقریباً 5 سال رہی لیکن یہ شادی مزید نہ چل سکی اور بیوی سے علیحدگی ہو گئی یعنی 2015 ئ￿ میں طلاق ہو گئی۔انہوں نے شادی کا دوبارہ تاحال نہیں سوچا۔ اللہ تعالیٰ نے بیٹی جیسی رحمت سے نوازا جس کا نام’’وجیہہ فاطمہ ‘‘ ہے۔بیٹی اپنی والدہ کے ساتھ لاہور میں ہی رہتی ہیں۔

Social Framework Analysis Through Oedipus Complex in Lawrence’s Sons and Lovers

Sons and Lovers has always been posing problems for the teachers, during classroom critical discussions on the novel on account of its undue association with Freud’s concept of Oedipus complex and his focus on sexual instincts. Readers are forcibly led to the conclusion that there is convincing evidence of unconscious sexual attraction between Gertrude (the mother) and William and Paul (her sons) throughout the novel. The novel basically focuses on the individual’s mental and behavioral struggle to locate his own place in the social setup in pursuit of his dignity. An open-minded close examination of the novel makes one realize that it hardly deserves to be labelled as an illustration of Freud’s theory of Oedipus complex. Paul’s struggle for recognition and acceptance in the society is the central theme of the novel, which puts him in trying conditions and relations and leaves him struggling to adjust his place in quest of self-esteem and recognition. The more he tries to get satisfaction, the more he becomes disillusioned. Consequently, dissatisfaction leads him to interact with different people and he experiences maladjustment. The object of this paper is to analyze Paul’s relations with other main characters in the novel in order to diagnose the cause of his discontentment in his relations with them. An attempt has been made to view his predicament in the light of psychological and social cross-currents that pervade his behavior through-out the novel, Paul finds intellectual harmony with Miriam as her feelings match with those of his. Like Paul, she also wants to achieve something great. A cleavage occurs in their relationship when Miriam shows her reluctance to fulfil his carnal desires, as being unethical and contrary to her spiritual ideals. Paul’s sensual desires are fulfilled by Clara, a woman promising physical satisfaction but devoid of aesthetic sensibilities, which again compel him to turn to some new destinations. A thorough analysis of the novel Sons and Lovers clearly reveals that there is very little influence of Oedipus complex, while there is a strong chemical bond and natural affection between the mother and son which is a natural human instinct. Paul finds solace in the company of Gertrude simply on account of natural reasons and not for any amoral urge like Oedipus complex.

Diagnostic Potential of Indigenously Hyperproduced Urate Oxidase

The main purpose of this research work was to optimize the production of urate oxidase through mutagensis of Bacillus subtilis. The organism was subjected to ultra violet irradiation and chemical mutagenesis. Ethyle methane sulfonate treated B. subtilis (180 minutes) was proved to be the best for optimum production of urate oxidase by 3 log kill/survival curve. Fermentation medium was also optimized, it was found that substrate concentration (0.5%), fermentation period (36 h), pH (8.5), temperature (35 oC), yeast extract (0.3%) and sucrose (2%) enhanced the activity of the parent and mutant derived enzyme. The enzyme was purified by adopting different techniques i.e ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography. It was observed that mutated enzyme exhibited 97.56 U/mg specific activity with 256.73 fold improvement. The purified urate oxidase was run on SDS-PAGE which determined a single band with molecular weight of 34 kDa. The purified BSM-2 possessed Km and V max value 0.067 M and 133.3 IU mg-1 min-1 respectively. The optimum pH and temperature for catalytic activity were 7.5 and 35oC respectively. The activation energy for formation of ES complex was 43.4 kJ/mol. Enthalpy (ΔH*), entropy of activation and Gibbs free energy demands for urate oxidase inactivation were 30.26 kJ/mol, -106.27 J mol-1 K-1, 62.99 kJ/mol respectively. Barium chloride, potassium cyanide and zinc sulfate decreased the activity of the enzyme. Whereas, sodium chloride (0.6M), potassium chloride (0.4M) and calcium chloride (0.4M) enhanced the enzymatic activity 123%, 117% and 119% respectively.
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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