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لالچی بلی دا انجام

لالچی بلی دا انجام

کسے جنگل وچ اک بلی رہندی سی۔ جنگل دے سارے جانور اوس نوں ماسی آکھدے سن۔ بلی بہت چالاک تے تیز سی۔ اوہ اپنے شکار نوں بڑی پھرتی نال قابو کر لیندی سی۔ پر ہن اوہ بڈھی ہو گئی سی تے شکار اوہدے ہتھوں نکل جاندا سی۔ جنگل دے سارے جانور اوس توں تنگ آئے ہوئے سن۔ بڈھا ہوون پاروں اوس نوں کئی کئی دن بھکا رہنا پیندا سی۔ اوس بھکھ توں تنگ آ کے اک دن حاجیاں والا سفید لباس پایا۔ ہتھ وچ تسبیح پھڑی تے اپنے گھر توں باہر آ گئی۔ اوہ تسبیح کر دی جنگل وچ ٹہل رہی سی۔ راہ وچ اوس دی ملاقات اک خرگوش نال ہوندی اے۔ اوس بلی نوں پچھیا کہ ماسی کدھر دی تیاری اے؟ بلی نے جواب دتا میں حج کرن چلی آں۔ بلی بڑی چالاک سی۔ خرگوش نوں آکھن لگی کہ آ جا بچہ میں تینوں وی حج تے نال لے کے جاندی آں۔ خرگوش تیار ہو گیا تے اوہناں رل کے سفر شروع کر دتا۔

سفر کردے ہوئے اوہناں دی ملاقات چڑی نال ہوندی اے۔ چڑی پچھدی اے کہ خالہ بلی کتھے چلی ایں؟ بلی آکھدی اے کہ میں حج کرن جا رہی آں تے ایہہ خرگوش وی میرے نال جا رہیا اے۔ چڑی آکھدی اے کہ جے خالہ اجازت ہووے تاں میں وی تہاڈے نال رل جاواں حج کرن لئی۔ بلی جواب دیندی اے کہ آ جا توں وی آ جا۔ ہن خرگوش، چڑی تے بلی رل کے حج کرن لئی سفر کردے نیں۔

جدوں تینوں رل کے اگانہہ ودھدے نیں تاں راہ وچ اوہ اک ککڑ نوں ملدے نیں۔ ککڑ آکھدا اے کہ خالہ بلی اج چڑی تے خرگوش نوں لے کے کتھے جا رہے او؟ بلی آکھدی اے کہ میں حج...

Effect of Information and Communication Technology on The Development of Higher Order Thinking Skills Among Students at University Level

In this era the use of information communication technology in every walk of life is not a lie especially its use in education to facilitate the process of teaching and learning. The objectives of study were to explore the practice of ICT among students at university level, to examine the level of higher order thinking skills among students at university level and to find out the effect of information communication technology on the development of higher order thinking skills among students at university level. The study contains proposed model which was based on ICT tools and HOTs. The researcher used quantitative approach, and its design was correlation which is a type of descriptive research. Population was based on undergraduate university students of social sciences of 3 universities of Islamabad. Convenient sampling technique was used. The sample was based on 10% of entire population. The results were interpreted, and recommendation were suggested. The study results showed average level of higher order thinking skills among university students. Results also showed that mean values were agree about the practice of ICT at university level. It was revealed that there was a significant effect of ICT on the development of HOTS at university level. It is recommended that through training, practice and classroom activities the students may be able to find the required information, to analyze it and to build HOTS. Universities may recruit highly skilled technical personnel in the ICT units of their institutions and create a consciousness in them to develop innovative ideas for better training of student’s higher order thinking skill.

An investigation into the causes of low elasticity and buoyancy of major taxes in Pakistan: a historical perspectives

As Pakistan has high revenue expenditure gap and one of the lowest taxes to GDP ratio, the government is unable to finance its expenditure and is dependent upon borrowing which resulted in huge debt. This study is focusing on analyzing the structural changes in the economic structure that have weakened the tax structure (both elasticity and Buoyancy) in economic history. Tax elasticity is a measure designed for measuring the response of tax revenues to changes in output after controlling for exogenous shocks including the discretionary changes. Whereas the tax buoyancy measures the response of tax revenues mobilization to growth in national output. A tax is considered to be buoyant if the growth in tax revenues rises more in proportion to the increase in national output. The overview of Pakistan's tax system of over the period till 2004 reflects a very grim picture. The tax elasticity of the total tax revenue had been recorded less than unity, both with respect to the total GDP and the non-agricultural GDP. Moreover, it has also been observed that in the case of buoyancy the coefficients were low, reflecting that the tax changes did not lead to significant revenue changes. Various methodologies had been adopted overtime for estimation of elasticity and buoyancy coefficients. To tackle the issues of a unit root in time series data under consideration, the Autoregressive Distributive Lag Model has been used. The estimates of elasticity and buoyancy obtained for all major taxes in Pakistan has been less than unity depicting that the changes in income have not been reflected in the tax collection
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel
Asian Research Index Whatsapp Chanel

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