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51. Adh-Dhariyat/The Scatterers

51. Adh-Dhariyat/The Scatterers

I/We begin by the Blessed Name of Allah

The Immensely Merciful to all, The Infinitely Compassionate to everyone.

51:01
a. And the scatterers, scattering everywhere,

51:02
a. and the bearers with their burden,

51:03
a. and the runners with their gentle ease,

51:04
a. and the distributors by command!

51:05
a. Surely what you are promised is true indeed!

51:06
a. Surely the Time of Final Judgment is sure to come.

51:07
a. And the celestial realm with all its countless tracks!

51:08
a. Surely you are of differing opinions.

51:09
a. Whoever is deluded about it is really deluded.

51:10
a. So doomed be those who just speculate,

51:11
a. those who are oblivious of the realm of the Hereafter.

51:12
a. They mockingly ask:
b. ‘When will be the Time of Final Judgment?’

51:13
a. Tell them:
b. It will definitely come and be ‘The Time when they are going to be tried by the Fire.’

51:14
a. And they will be told:
b. ‘Taste your trial/punishment!
c. This is what you had been seeking to hurry.’

51:15
a. Surely the virtuous will be in the Paradise and flowing springs;

51:16
a. receiving what their Rabb - The Lord will have given them of the reward,
b. for they were definitely seekers of excellence in piety even before the coming of this Time.

51:17
a. For they will sleep only a little of the night...

Effect of Apium Graveolens (Celery) Seed Extract on Serum Uric Acid Level of Hyperuricemic Rats and its Comparison with Allopurinol

Background: Plant derived medicines are widely used in traditional culture all over the world. Objectives: To determine the effect of Celery Seed Extract (CSE) on uric acid levels in hyperuricemic rats and to compare the effect of allopurinol and CSE. Methods: It was an animal experimental research study. Group A served as negative control whereas Group B served as positive control. CSE was given orally to three groups of rats (C, D, and E). One hour prior to administration of CSE; potassium oxonate was injected intraperitoneally in all groups except negative control to induce hyperuricemia. Similarly, group F was given allopurinol one hour after injection of potassium oxonate. Blood samples were collected for uric acid estimation. Results: It was found that administration of both CSE (group C, D, E) and allopurinol (group F) significantly lowered serum uric acid levels (p<0.001) as compared to positive control (group B). Serum uric acid lowering effect of both drugs CSE and allopurinol was found to be statistically significant on day 3rd and day 7th and was almost comparable. Conclusions: Celery seed extract significantly reduces serum uric acid levels in potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemic rats and its uric acid lowering effect was comparable with that of allopurinol.

Formal Design and Verifications in Parallel File Systems

In this dissertation, the architecture of the existing file systems such as EXT, NTFS and UFS is reviewed. A study of space utilization patterns in different file systems has been presented. Effects of directory depth on file access have been discussed. Moreover, the use of formal approaches in design and verifications of parallel file systems are presented. Prototype verification system (PVS) is used as a tool to specify and verify the file system architecture. We used a top down approach to formalize the hierarchical file systems. The most important aspects of a file system such as read, write, delete and move are formalized using refinement techniques where abstract definitions of these operations are specified and then refined towards a pointer based application. Furthermore, formal specification and verification of the cyclic data striping algorithm for parallel file systems have been presented with the help of proof assistant PVS. Our study of applying formal methods to parallel file system design opens many new directions for the future research. Formalizing the complete parallel file system is a grand challenge for the scientific community. The hard links and file system security must be formally designed and verified for building robust, reliable and error free parallel file system architectures. Several different algorithms for tree structure organization of data files must be formally verified before use in parallel file systems.
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