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مقیم الدین فاروقی

آہ !مقیم الدین فاروقی
ماہ ستمبر ۱۹۹۷ء میں کمیونسٹ پارٹی آف انڈیا کے سکر یٹری جناب مقیم الدین فاروقی دل کا دورہ پڑنے سے انتقال کر گئے۔انا ﷲ وانا الیہ راجعون۔
مرحوم فاروقی بڑے ہی ملنسار اور ہمدرد ِقوم انسان تھے۔مفکرِ ملّت حضرت مفتی عتیق الرحمن عثمانیؒ کے زبردست معتقد تھے ان کے پرستار تھے۔یہی وجہ ہے کہ کمیونسٹ پارٹی میں رہنے کے باوجود انہوں نے کسی بھی مذہب اسلام مغائر حرکت کو نہیں ہونے دیا۔ مسلم پرسنل لاء کے معاملے میں ان کے خیالات اپنی پارٹی سے بالکل مختلف تھے اوروہ اس معاملے میں اس آل انڈیا مسلم پرسنل لاء بورڈ کے موئد تھے جس کے سربراہوں میں حضرت مولانا عبدالماجد دریاآبادی، مفکر ملّت حضرت مفتی عتیق الرحمن عثمانی ؒ،حضرت مولانا سعید احمد اکبرآبادی، حضرت مولانا امیر شریعت منت اﷲ رحمانی ؒ جیسے اکابرین کانام گرامی رہا ہے۔ اورجس کے موجودہ کرتا دھرتا حضرت مولانا سیدابوالحسن علی ندویؔ دامت برکاتہم کااسم مبارک نمایاں ہے۔ایم فاروقی بیشک کامریڈ تھے لیکن اندرسے وہ پکّے مسلمان تھے۔ان کادل و دماغ اسلامی تعلیمات سے منور وسرشار تھا ۔غریب پرور اوررحم دل تھے دوسروں کے کام آناان کااصل مقصد تھا۔
اﷲ تعالیٰ سے دعا ہے کہ مرحوم کی لغزشوں کودرگذر فرما کران کے ساتھ رحم وکرم کامعاملہ فرما ئے اوران کی مغفرت فرما کرمقامِ رحمت میں جگہ عطا فرمائے۔ اٰمین ثم اٰمین۔ [م۔س۔ب، ستمبر ۱۹۹۷ء]

 

Relationship Between Level of Educational Attainment and Employee Performance: Mediating Role of Individual Religious Affiliation

Purpose: This study empirically investigates the relation between education level and employees’ performance working in public sector universities from the viewpoint of Islamic religiosity when religious affiliations play mediating role. It has been experienced that more educated people are found to be more involved in performing tasks related to the religious affiliations. Due to the fact that people with higher education found less time to complete their religious obligations, they are more involved in alternative arrangements like charity and donations to fulfill the hunger of religious attainments. Therefore, in order to satisfy themselves religiously, they are more involved in religious affiliations. This high involvement in fulfilling religious arrangements impacts their individual job performance which is necessary to explore. Research Methodology: Data was gathered from the public sector university employees of Pakistan. Out of 900 distributed questionnaires, 520 were received with response rate of 73.65%. Regression analysis is performed in order to determine the association between level of education and individual performance. Further, in order to determine the mediating role of religious affiliations, the Barren and Kerry (1984) model is applied. Findings: Using questionnaire survey the results of the study showed that level of education significantly impacts the religious affiliations in positive manner and high religious affiliations increase the individual job performance. The results at this point indicated that an unobservable indicator, like propensity for logical rationale induces individuals for higher education and ultimately high religious affiliations. Recommendations: Based upon the results, it is recommended that religiosity and ethical values in management set up are need to be escorted by public reforms to let the identification of employees to their work values and their obligation to the performance of work-related tasks. Originality: This study would be a clear contribution in the field of human behavior towards making alternative arrangements in order to fulfill religious obligations and at the same time identifying the mediating role of religious attainments in determining their individual performance.

Predict Observe and Explain Poe : A Teaching Strategy for Enhancing Conceptual Understanding of Enzymes in Grader 9 Students in a Private School of Karachi, Pakistan

This study explores the process and ways through which a teaching strategy such as Predict, Observe and explain (POE) helps students of grade 9 to enhance conceptual understanding of biology (enzymes). Through this strategy a teacher can create an atmosphere of inquiry and critical thinking in the science classroom. This study was conducted in three phases: Pre- intervention, Intervention and Post-intervention by using qualitative research paradigm embedded within action research. In pre- intervention I assessed current knowledge about existing teaching practices and learning atmosphere at research site as well as conceptual understanding and skills of students through observation and pre-test in the chapter (Enzymes) which was already taught by subject teacher. During Intervention stage I played two roles, that of a teacher and of a researcher. As teacher I taught the same chapter (enzymes) to all students of grade 9 of a private school in Karachi, using POE as teaching strategy. During this process emphasis was given to important aspects of POE; prediction, observation and explain and the gradual progress in conceptual understanding of students and skills. The process of learning and the ways which lead to conceptual understanding were also assessed. In Post intervention stage I assessed progress in conceptual understanding. Data were collected by using different methods and tools to ensure better reliability. For example pre-test, observational checklist, field notes, worksheets, reflective diary and post- test. Similarly data were analyzed at two stages: one was ongoing analysis of students’ work and responses while the other was thematic analysis after field work. I found that the students, who had not full understanding about enzymes in the pre- test, showed better and deeper understanding in the post- test. POE helped students in enhancing their concepts through motivation. Students not only became more proficient in science process skills of predictions, observations and explanations but also became competent in applying their learning (previous knowledge) according to the learning situation. I also found that through POE a teacher can identify students’ alternative frame works in biological concepts and rectify these alternative frameworks. I also found that POE based activities not only useful in enhancing conceptual understanding but also useful to enhance informal reasoning skills which can help students to better articulate their concepts with justifications on the basis of scientific grounds and reasons. Results of my research study reveal that teachers’ teaching style and methodology play a vital role in learning; student followed
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